Financial Crime and Corruption by Samuel Vaknin

1. How to make sure that the expenditures match and

do not exceed the budgetary items. In some countries, this is a mere ritual formality and government departments are positively expected to overstep their procurement budgets. In others, this constitutes a criminal offence.

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Chapter 1 Ch.1
1997. The US Department of Justice brought another 30 Ch.2
1989. Both events have forever altered the patterns of the Ch.3
1. Egregiously corrupt, high-profile, public figures, Ch.4
2. All international aid, credits, and investments must Ch.5
3. Corruption cannot be reduced only by punitive Ch.6
4. Opportunities to be corrupt should be minimized Ch.7
5. Corruption is a symptom of systemic institutional Ch.8
6. Corruption is a symptom of an all-pervasive sense Ch.9
1999. Its report remains classified but Stroev confirmed Ch.10
1995. PwC did make a mild comment in the 1997 audit. Ch.11
introduction of best independent directors' practices". Ch.12
1989. Six years later, their number shrank to 1,612 and it Ch.13
2600. By 2002, it has increased elevenfold since 1995. Ch.14
2001. Nine of every 10 hijacked ships are ultimately Ch.15
4. NEVER expect ANY help from the Nigerian Ch.16
5. NEVER rely on YOUR Government to bail you Ch.17
1996. Iraqis are also being trained in Belarus to operate Ch.18
1. Job security is a thing of the past. Itinerancy in various Ch.19
2. Outsourcing and offshoring of back office (and, more Ch.20
3. The populace in developed countries are addicted to Ch.21
4. The other side of this dismal coin is workaholism - the Ch.22
5. The depersonalization of manufacturing - the Ch.23
6. Many former employees of mega-corporations abandon Ch.24
7. Despite decades of advanced notice, globalization Ch.25
8. The decline of the professional guilds on the one hand Ch.26
9. The quality of one's work, and of services and products Ch.27
10. Moral relativism is the mirror image of rampant Ch.28
11. The disintegration of the educational systems of the Ch.29
12. Irrational beliefs, pseudo-sciences, and the occult Ch.30
1. That the fair "value" of a share is closely Ch.31
2. That price movements are mostly random, though Ch.32
3. That the fair value responds to new information Ch.33
introduction of a reciprocal visa regime between the two Ch.34
1. Legal activities that are not reported to the tax Ch.35
2. Illegal activities which, needless to say, are also Ch.36
1. How to make sure that the expenditures match and Ch.37
2. How to prevent the criminally corrupt activities Ch.38
introduction of free marketry are unemployment and Ch.39
1. There should be no barriers to the entry of new Ch.40
2. A larger scale of operation does introduce Ch.41
3. Efficient competition does not exist when a market Ch.42
4. A competitive price will be comprised of a Ch.43
1. Blocking Statutes - which prohibit its legal entities Ch.44
2. Clawback Provisions - which will enable the local Ch.45
1. National laws should be applied to solve Ch.46
2. Parties, regardless of origin, should be treated as Ch.47
3. A minimum standard for national antitrust rules Ch.48
4. The establishment of an international authority to Ch.49
1. Agreements to fix prices (including export and Ch.50
3. Market or customer allocation (division) Ch.51
5. Collective action to enforce arrangements, e.g., by Ch.52
6. Concerted refusal to sell to potential importers; Ch.53
7. Collective denial of access to an arrangement, or Ch.54
introduction of new management techniques (example: Ch.55
1. They attack the perceived source of frustration in Ch.56
2. They seek to subsume the object of envy by Ch.57
3. They resort to self-deprecation. They idealize the Ch.58
4. They experience cognitive dissonance. These Ch.59
5. They avoid the envied person and thus the Ch.60
2. It is impossible for two players to improve the Ch.61
3. Is not influenced by the introduction of irrelevant Ch.62
4. Is symmetric (reversing the roles of the players Ch.63
1. Crooks and other illegal operators. These take Ch.64
2. Illegitimate operators include those treading the Ch.65
3. The "not serious" operators. These are people too Ch.66
4. The former kind of operators obviously has a Ch.67
5. Speculators and middlemen are yet another Ch.68
6. The last type of market impeders is well known Ch.69
1995. But the phenomenon recurred in Kosovo. Ch.70
1. What part of the NGO's budget is spent on salaries and Ch.71
2. Which part of the budget is spent on furthering the aims Ch.72
3. What portion of the NGOs resources is allocated to Ch.73
4. What part of the budget is contributed by governments, Ch.74
5. What do the alleged beneficiaries of the NGO's Ch.75
6. How many of the NGO's operatives are in the field, Ch.76
7. Does the NGO own or run commercial enterprises? If it Ch.77
1. The process and rules of joining up (i.e., the Ch.78
2. The application and membership procedures are Ch.79
3. The system alters its membership requirements in Ch.80