Waterways and Water Transport in Different Countries by J. Stephen Jeans
Chapter 1
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Title: Waterways and Water Transport in Different Countries
Author: J. Stephen Jeans
Release date: February 13, 2018 [eBook #56560]
Language: English
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[Illustration: _E & F N Spon London & New York_
“INK-PHOTO.” SPRAGUE & CO. LONDON.
NEWTON CUTTING ON THE BIRMINGHAM CANAL (TAME VALLEY).]
WATERWAYS
AND
WATER TRANSPORT
IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES:
WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE PANAMA, SUEZ,
MANCHESTER, NICARAGUAN, AND
OTHER CANALS.
BY
J. STEPHEN JEANS, M.R.I., F.S.S.,
AUTHOR OF ‘ENGLAND’S SUPREMACY’; ‘RAILWAY PROBLEMS,’ ETC.
[Illustration]
E. & F. N. SPON, 125, STRAND, LONDON.
NEW YORK: 12, CORTLANDT STREET.
1890.
Chapters
- Chapter 1 Ch.1
- INTRODUCTION AND OUTLINE. Ch.2
- 3. For domestic water supply. Ch.3
- INTRODUCTION AND OUTLINE iii Ch.4
- CHAPTER I. Ch.5
- CHAPTER II. Ch.6
- CHAPTER III. Ch.7
- CHAPTER IV. Ch.8
- CHAPTER V. Ch.9
- CHAPTER VI. Ch.10
- CHAPTER VII. Ch.11
- CHAPTER VIII. Ch.12
- CHAPTER IX. Ch.13
- CHAPTER X. Ch.14
- CHAPTER XI. Ch.15
- CHAPTER XII. Ch.16
- CHAPTER XIII. Ch.17
- CHAPTER XIV. Ch.18
- CHAPTER XV. Ch.19
- CHAPTER XVI. Ch.20
- CHAPTER XVII. Ch.21
- CHAPTER XVIII. Ch.22
- CHAPTER XIX. Ch.23
- CHAPTER XX. Ch.24
- CHAPTER XXI. Ch.25
- CHAPTER XXII. Ch.26
- CHAPTER XXIII. Ch.27
- CHAPTER XXIV. Ch.28
- CHAPTER XXV. Ch.29
- CHAPTER XXVI. Ch.30
- CHAPTER XXVII. Ch.31
- CHAPTER XXVIII. Ch.32
- CHAPTER XXIX. Ch.33
- CHAPTER XXX. Ch.34
- CHAPTER XXXI. Ch.35
- CHAPTER XXXII. Ch.36
- CHAPTER XXXIII. Ch.37
- CHAPTER XXXIV. Ch.38
- CHAPTER XXXV. Ch.39
- CHAPTER I. Ch.40
- 1. The era of waterways, designed at once to facilitate the transport Ch.41
- 2. The era of interoceanic canals, which was inaugurated by the Ch.42
- 3. The era of ship-canals intended to afford to cities and towns remote Ch.43
- part 600 ft. above the level of the sea, and has in all 114 locks and Ch.44
- CHAPTER II. Ch.45
- 1. That the freer the admission of the tidal water, the Ch.46
- 2. That its sectional area and inclination should be made to Ch.47
- 3. That the downward flow of the upland water should be Ch.48
- 4. That all abnormal contaminations should be removed from Ch.49
- CHAPTER III. Ch.50
- 1. They admit of any class of goods being carried in the Ch.51
- 2. The landing or shipment of cargo is not necessarily Ch.52
- 3. The dead weight to be moved in proportion to the load is Ch.53
- 4. The capacity for traffic is practically unlimited, Ch.54
- 5. There is no obligation to maintain enormous or expensive Ch.55
- 6. There is an almost total absence of risk, and the Ch.56
- 1. A total absence of unity of management. For example, on Ch.57
- 2. A want of uniformity of gauge in the locks, as well as in Ch.58
- 3. With few exceptions they are not capable of being worked Ch.59
- 5. The many links in the communications in the hands of the Ch.60
- CHAPTER IV. Ch.61
- CHAPTER V. Ch.62
- CHAPTER VI. Ch.63
- 1. The construction of a National canal, passing right Ch.64
- 2. The conversion of the existing waterways into a ship Ch.65
- 3. The construction of a ship canal between the Forth and Ch.66
- 4. The construction of a canal from the Irish Sea to Ch.67
- 5. The construction of a ship canal between the Mersey and Ch.68
- 6. A canal to connect the city and district of Birmingham, Ch.69
- 8. The improvement of the Wiltshire and Berkshire canal, so Ch.70
- 1. By a ship canal, that would enable vessels of 200 tons at Ch.71
- 2. By a canal that would enable canal boats to navigate the Ch.72
- 3. By the construction of an improved canal, between the Ch.73
- CHAPTER VII. Ch.74
- 1886. The works, including land, cost 74,000_l._, or 15,206_l._ per Ch.75
- CHAPTER VIII. Ch.76
- 1745. This canal joined the Havel with the Elbe at Parcy. It is about Ch.77
- CHAPTER IX. Ch.78
- CHAPTER X. Ch.79
- 1. _The Voorne Canal_ running from Helvoetsluis through the island of Ch.80
- 2. _The Niewe-waterweg_, or direct entrance from the North Sea to Ch.81
- 1. _The Walcheren Canal_, about seven miles long, from the new port of Ch.82
- 2. _The South Beveland Canal_, from the West Schelde at Hansweert Ch.83
- 1. _The Afwaterings Kanaal_, from the Noordervaart and the Neeritter, Ch.84
- 2. _The canalised river Ijssel_, from the river Lek, opposite to Ch.85
- 3. _The Keulsche Vaart_, from Vreeswijk, on the river Lek, _viâ_ Ch.86
- 4. _The Meppelerdiep_, Zwaartsluis to Meppel, for vessels of length, Ch.87
- 5. _The Drentsche, Hoofdvaart, and Kolonievaart_, from Meppel to Assen, Ch.88
- 6. _The Willemsvaart_, from the town canal at Zwolle to the Ch.89
- 7. _The Apeldoorn Canal_, from the Ijssel at the _sluis_ near Ch.90
- 8. _The Noordervaart_, between the Zuid Willemsvaart at _sluis_ No. Ch.91
- 9. _The Dokkum Canal_, from Dokkum (in Friesland) to Stroobos, and Ch.92
- CHAPTER XI. Ch.93
- 1000. The total fall is 21·73. Besides the works just described, 480 of Ch.94
- CHAPTER XII. Ch.95
- CHAPTER XIII. Ch.96
- CHAPTER XIV. Ch.97
- CHAPTER XV. Ch.98
- 1880. There were in the latter year 73 boats on the canal, averaging Ch.99
- CHAPTER XVI. Ch.100
- 1. That one uniform size of locks and canals be adopted throughout the Ch.101
- 2. That the locks on the proposed Bay Verte Canal be made 270 feet long Ch.102
- 3. That the locks on the Ottawa system be made 200 feet long and 45 Ch.103
- 4. And that the locks in the Richelieu river be made 200 feet long and Ch.104
- CHAPTER XVII. Ch.105
- CHAPTER XVIII. Ch.106
- CHAPTER XIX. Ch.107
- CHAPTER XX. Ch.108
- 1880. In 1885, the gross tonnage was close on nine millions, and the Ch.109
- 1. A maritime canal from sea to sea, with a northern port on Ch.110
- 2. A fresh-water canal from Cairo to Lake Timsah, with Ch.111
- 1. The lands necessary for the company’s buildings, offices, Ch.112
- 2. The lands, not private property, brought under Ch.113
- 3. The right to charge landowners for the use of the water Ch.114
- 4. All mines found on the company’s lands, and the right to Ch.115
- 5. Freedom from duties on its imports. Ch.116
- CHAPTER XXI. Ch.117
- CHAPTER XXII. Ch.118
- CHAPTER XXIII. Ch.119
- 35. The Panama Canal, again, although approximately about the same Ch.120
- 1765. The aqueduct and the neighbouring viaduct (shown in the old Ch.121
- CHAPTER XXIV. Ch.122
- 1. That part of the canal situated in the plains to be Ch.123
- 2. At the same time as the above-mentioned work was Ch.124
- 3. Towards the end of the year 1883 several large Ch.125
- 1888. The geological strata to be passed through in excavation does Ch.126
- CHAPTER XXV. Ch.127
- CHAPTER XXVI. Ch.128
- introduction of such waterways.[228] They were upheld and protected by Ch.129
- CHAPTER XXVII. Ch.130
- CHAPTER XXVIII. Ch.131
- CHAPTER XXIX. Ch.132
- CHAPTER XXX. Ch.133
- CHAPTER XXXI. Ch.134
- CHAPTER XXXII. Ch.135
- CHAPTER XXXIII. Ch.136
- CHAPTER XXXIV. Ch.137
- 1. The invention or devices to be tested and tried Ch.138
- 2. That the boat shall, in addition to the weight Ch.139
- 3. That the rate of speed made by said boat shall Ch.140
- 4. That the boat can be readily stopped or backed Ch.141
- 5. That the simplicity, economy, and durability Ch.142
- 6. That the invention, device, or improvement can Ch.143
- CHAPTER XXXV. Ch.144
- 1. The whole system of ‘inland navigation’ would be Ch.145
- 2. All chances of monopoly and trade restriction by Ch.146
- 3. Government security would ensure capital being raised Ch.147
- 4. By adopting a ‘sinking fund,’ these navigations might Ch.148
- 5. Would facilitate uniformity of classification, toll, Ch.149
- 6. The question of railway-owned canals would thus be Ch.150
- 7. Also the difficulty of floods would be removed as Ch.151
- 8. The above advantages, whilst affording unbounded Ch.152
- 1. Public opinion is not yet ripened to enable such a Ch.153
- 2. To successfully compete with railways (who have now Ch.154
- 3. If the Government did not undertake the carrying, Ch.155
- 4. The patronage being placed in the hands of Ch.156
- 5. For the good canals a very high price would have to Ch.157
- 6. In justice to the railways, the Government could Ch.158
- 7. The present enormous capital of railways, Ch.159
- 1462. River Ouse (Yorkshire) Navigation. Ch.160
- 1572. Exeter Canal ” Ch.161
- 1699. River Trent Navigation Ch.162
- 1796. Salisbury and Southampton Canal. Ch.163
- 1852. Droitwich Junction Canal. Ch.164