Travels in Peru and India by Sir Clements R. Markham

Chinchona succirubra_, by R. Spruce, Esq., Sept. 22, 1861. [372] Letter from Mr. Pritchett to the Under Secretary of State for India, dated July 9, 1861. [373] Letter from Mr. Pritchett to the Under Secretary of State for India, dated Dec. 13, 1860. [374] Smyth's _Journey from Lima to Para_, p. 63. [375] Herndon's _Valley of the Amazon_, p. 126. [376] Herndon's _Valley of the Amazon_, p. 136. [377] Smyth, p. 115; who says that, according to a register which had been kept there, it rains at Casapi on more than half the days of the year. "From May to November the sun shines very powerfully in the valley of Chinchao, and consequently the soil, when it is cleared of wood, becomes so parched that its surface opens in chinks, but underneath it always preserves humidity, and therefore needs no irrigation. From November to May it rains much, sometimes six or seven days without intermission."--Dr. A. Smith's _Peru as It Is_, ii. p. 57. [378] Of the identity of the species collected by Mr. Pritchett there is no doubt. He brought home specimens from the trees whence the seeds were obtained, which have been examined by Mr. Howard, and proved to belong to _C. nitida_, _C. micrantha_, and _C. Peruviana_. The barks also have been found to contain a satisfactory percentage of alkaloids. Some further particulars respecting these species have already been given in chap. ii. p. 30-35. [379] Pavon gives its height at from 18 to 24 feet, and 8 to 9 inches in diameter. [380] They yield the _crown bark_ of commerce. [381] Seemann's _Voyage of H. M. S. Herald_, i. p. 177. For some further particulars respecting the chinchona region of Loxa, see chap. ii. p. 21-25. [382] _Nueva Quinologia de Pavon._ _C. Chahuarguera_ and _C. crispa_. [383] Mr. Cross transmitted the following dried specimens of the parts of chinchona-trees from Loxa:--