Treatise on Poisons by Sir Robert Christison

CHAP. I. Classification of Poisons 90 CHAP. II. CLASS FIRST. Of Irritant Poisons generally 92 SECTION 1. Of the Symptoms of Irritant Poisons compared with those of Natural Disease 93 SECTION 2. Of the Morbid Appearances of Irritant Poisoning compared with those of natural disease 110 CHAP. III. Mineral Acids 121 SECTION 1. Sulphuric Acid 123 Tests, 123, Action, 128, Morbid Appearances, 135, Treatment, 140 SECTION 2. Nitric Acid 142 SECTION 3. Hydrochloric Acid 146 CHAP. IV. Phosphorus. Sulphur. Chlorine. Iodine. Iodide of Potassium. Bromine 149 CHAP. V. Acetic Acid 164 CHAP. VI. Oxalic Acid 167 SECTION 1. Tests 168 SECTION 2. Action and Symptoms in Man 173 SECTION 3. Morbid Appearances 177 SECTION 4. Treatment 178 Tartaric and Citric Acid 180 CHAP. VII. Fixed Alkalis 180 CHAP. VIII. Nitre 187 CHAP. IX. Alkaline and Earthy Chlorides 191 CHAP. X. Lime 192 CHAP. XI. Ammonia and its salts 193 CHAP. XII. Alkaline Sulphurets 196 CHAP. XIII. Arsenic 197 SECTION 1. Tests for its compounds 198 Fly-powder 199 Oxide of Arsenic 200 Tests in its solid state 203 —— a pure solution 206 —— when in organic mixtures 215 Arsenite of Copper 223 —— of Potass 223 Arseniate of Potass 224 Sulphurets of Arsenic 224 Arseniuretted-hydrogen 227 SECTION 2. Action and Symptoms in Man 227 Mode of Action 227 Symptoms in ordinary cases 234 —— very short cases 241 —— tedious cases 244 Effects through other channels besides the Stomach 251 Force of the evidence from Symptoms 259 SECTION 3. Morbid Appearances 262 SECTION 4. Treatment 283 CHAP. XIV. Mercury 289 SECTION 1. Tests for its preparations 289 Red Precipitate 290 Cinnabar 290 Turbith Mineral 290 Calomel 291 Corrosive Sublimate 291 —— Tests in the solid state 292 —— solution 292 —— organic mixtures 296 Bicyanide of Mercury 303 Nitrates of Mercury 303 SECTION 2. Mode of Action and Symptoms 303 Mode of Action 303 Symptoms of Corrosive Poisoning 310 Symptoms of Irritation and Erethysm combined 314 Symptoms of Erethysm and Mercurial Tremor 316 SECTION 2. Action on different Tissues and in different Chemical forms 327 Force of evidence from Symptoms 336 SECTION 3. Morbid Appearances 337 SECTION 4. Treatment 342 CHAP. XV. Copper 345 SECTION 1. Tests for its Compounds 346 SECTION 2. Action and Symptoms 358 SECTION 3. Morbid Appearances 364 SECTION 4. Treatment 365 CHAP. XVI. Antimony 367 SECTION 1. Tests for its Compounds 367 SECTION 2. Action and Symptoms 371 SECTION 3. Morbid Appearances 376 SECTION 4. Treatment 377 CHAP. XVII. Tin, 379—Silver, 380—Gold, 383—Bismuth, 383—Chrome, 385—Zinc, 386—Iron, 391—Other rarer metals, 395 378 CHAP. XVIII. Lead 396 SECTION 1. Chemical History, and Tests for its Compounds 396 Action of Water on Lead 399 Action of Acidulous Fluids on Lead 416 Process for Lead in Organic Fluids 423 SECTION 2. Action and Symptoms in Man 424 Tradesmen who are apt to suffer from Lead 436 SECTION 3. Morbid Appearances 439 SECTION 4. Treatment, and Precautions for Workmen 441 CHAP. XIX. Baryta 446 CHAP. XX. Vegetable Acrids, Euphorbia, Castor-oil seed, Physic-nut, Bitter Cassava, Manchineel, Croton, Bryony, Colocynth, Elaterium, Ranunculus, Anemone, Caltha, Clematis, Trollius, Mezereon, Cuckoo-pint, Gamboge, Daffodil, Jalap, Savin 451 CHAP. XXI. Cantharides 470 CHAP. XXII. Poisonous Fish 477 CHAP. XXIII. Venomous Serpents and Insects 484 CHAP. XXIV. Diseased and Decayed Animal Matter 487 CHAP. XXV. Mechanical Irritants 501 Substances, irritant, in large doses,—Pepper, Epsom Salt, Alum, Cream of Tartar, Sulphate of Potass, Common Salt, &c. 506 CHAP. XXVI. CLASS II. Of Narcotic Poisons, 510—of Narcotic Poisoning generally, and the distinction between it and natural disease, 511 510 CHAP. XXVII. Opium 530 SECTION 1. Chemical History and Tests 530 SECTION 2. Action and Symptoms 539 Action of Morphia and Narcotine 557 SECTION 3. Morbid Appearances 562 SECTION 4. Treatment 566 CHAP. XXVIII. Hyoscyamus, Lactuca, and Solanum 571 CHAP. XXIX. Hydrocyanic Acid 577 SECTION 1. Tests 578 SECTION 2. Action and Symptoms 582 SECTION 3. Morbid Appearances 593 SECTION 4. Treatment 596 Of the Vegetable Substances which contain Hydrocyanic Acid, 600—Bitter Almond, 601—Cherry-laurel, 605—Peach, 608—Cluster-cherry, 608—Mountain-ash, 608 CHAP. XXX. Carbazotic Acid 610 CHAP. XXXI. Poisonous Gases 611 What Gases are Poisonous 612 Effects on Man of Nitric Oxide Gas, 615—Chlorine, 616—Ammonia, 617—Hydrochloric Acid, 617—Hydrosulphuric Acid, 617—Carburetted hydrogen, 622—Carbonic Acid, 624—Carbonic Oxide, 634—Nitrous Oxide, 635—Cyanogen, 636—Oxygen, 636 CHAP. XXXII. CLASS III. Narcotico-Acrid Poisons 637 CHAP. XXXIII. Nightshade, 639—Thorn-Apple, 644—Tobacco, 647 639 CHAP. XXXIV. Hemlock, 653—Water-hemlock, 657—Hemlock Dropwort, 658—Fool’s Parsley, 661 653 CHAP. XXXV. Monkshood, 662—Black Hellebore, 670 662 CHAP. XXXVI. Squill, 671—White Hellebore and Cevadilla, 672—Meadow-Saffron, 674—Foxglove, 678—Rue, 681—Ipecacuan, 682 671 CHAP. XXXVII. Strychnia, 683—Nux Vomica, 686—St. Ignatius’ Bean, 691—False Angustura, 692 682 CHAP. XXXVIII. Camphor, 694—Cocculus Indicus, 696—Upas Antiar, 698—Coriaria myrtifolia, 698—Yew, 699 694 CHAP. XXXIX. Poisonous Fungi, 700—wholesome and poisonous kinds, 701—qualities how modified, 701—poisonous principles of, 704—effects on man, 704—Poisonous Mosses, 710 700 CHAP. XL. Poisonous Grain, 710—Spurred rye, 711—Spurred maize, 718—rust of wheat, 719—unripe grain, 719—Darnel-grass, 721—Leguminous seeds, 722 710 CHAP. XLI. Alcohol, 725—symptoms in man, 725—morbid appearances, 731—treatment, 735—ether, 736—Empyreumatic Oils, 736 725 CHAP. XLII. Compound Poisoning 740 INDEX 745 Description of Plate 755, 756 PART FIRST. OF GENERAL POISONING. [Illustration]