Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi

_Peck_, Boleti of the U.S. =B. Rus´selli= Frost—Russell’s Boletus. (Plate CXVIII, fig. 2, p. 436.) =Pileus= thick, hemispherical or convex, _dry, covered with downy scales or bundles of red hairs_, yellowish beneath the tomentum, often cracked in areas. =Flesh= yellowish, unchangeable. =Tubes= subadnate, often depressed around the stem, rather large, dingy-yellow or yellowish-green. =Stem= very long, equal or tapering upward, roughened by the lacerated margins of the reticular depressions, _red or brownish-red_. =Spores= olive-brown, 18–22×8–10µ. =Pileus= 1.5–4 in. broad. =Stem= 3–7 in. long, 3–6 lines thick. This is distinguished from the other species by the dry squamulose pileus and the color of the stem. The latter is sometimes curved at the base. _Peck_, Boleti of the U.S. B. Russelli occurs in the West Virginia mountains, where I found and ate it in August, 1883. Though solitary in its method of growth, it is frequent in many parts of Pennsylvania, among leaves in mixed woods. August to October. Taste when raw, sweet, mild. Cooked it is rather soft, tasty. Tubes and stem should be removed. =B. Mor´gani= Pk. =Pileus= convex, soft, _glabrous viscid_, red or yellow, or red fading to yellow on the margin. =Flesh= whitish tinged with red and yellow, unchangeable. =Tubes= convex, depressed around the stem, rather long and large, bright-yellow becoming greenish-yellow. =Stem= elongated, tapering upward, pitted with long, narrow depressions, _yellow, red in the depressions_, colored within like the flesh of the pileus. =Spores= olive-brown, 18–22µ long, about half as broad. =Pileus= 1.5–2.5 in. broad. =Stem= 3–5 in. long, 3–6 lines thick. Rocky hillsides in woods of deciduous trees. Kentucky, _Morgan_. In wet weather the anastomosing ridges of the stem swell and become broadly winged, thereby giving the stem a peculiar lacerated appearance. The glabrous viscid pileus and the coloration of the stem distinguish the species. _Peck_, Boleti of the U.S. B. Morgani is found in like localities with B. Russelli. Excepting in its smooth, viscid cap and whitish flesh, it closely resembles the latter. The ridges in the stems of both species swell when moist. Its edible qualities are the same as B. Russelli. =B. Be´tula= Schw.—birch. =Pileus= convex, viscose and shining in wet weather, tessellately cracked and reticulated, orange-fawn color, rather small. =Flesh= yellowish-white. =Tubes= separating, rather large, _yellow_, almost like those of B. subtomentosus but _not greenish_. =Stem= long, _attenuated downward_, everywhere covered with a deciduous reticulated bark two lines high and separating like the bark of birches, _pale-yellow without and within_. =Pileus= 1.5 in. broad. =Stem= 5–6 in. long. Ligneous earth. North Carolina, _Schweinitz_, _Curtis_; Pennsylvania, _Schweinitz_. _Peck_, Boleti of the U.S. During several seasons I found B. Betula in Woodland Cemetery, Philadelphia. Edible qualities good. CALO´PODES. _Gr_—beautiful; _Gr_—feet. =Stem= stout, at first bulbous, typically venose-reticulated with veins. =Tubes= adnate, their mouths not reddish. The reticulate stem and adnate tubes of one color distinguish the species of this tribe. In the Luridi the mouths of the tubes are differently colored, and in the closely related Edules the tubes are more or less depressed around the stem or sub-free, and their pores are commonly stuffed when young. Fries did not admit species with whitish tubes into this tribe, but we have done so in those cases in which this was the only character to exclude them. Tubes yellow or yellowish 1 Tubes white or whitish, at least when young 7