A Concise Dictionary of Middle English from A.D. 1150 to 1580 by Mayhew and Skeat

Siche, _adj._ such, W; see Swyche. Sicht, _pt. s._ sighed, S3; see Syken. Siclatoun, _sb._ a costly silk texture, CM; sicladoun, CM; see Ciclatun. Sidir, _sb._ strong drink, cider, S3, W, MD; sidur, W2; sider, MD; sydyr, Prompt.; sedyr, Prompt.; cyder, C2 (_n_); cedyr, Prompt.; syther, Cath., S2; sythir, C2 (_n_).—OF. _sidre_ (_cidre_), _sisdre_; Low Lat. _sicera_ (Voc.); Gr. σίκερα (Luke 1. 15); cp. Sp. _sidra_ (Deut. 29. 6). See Sicer. Sigaldren, _sb. pl._ sorceries, S.—Icel. _seið-galdr_, enchantment by spells. See Grimm, Teut. M. pp. 1035-1043. Sigaldrie, _sb._ enchantment, SD; sigaldry, HD. Sigaldrien, _v._ to bewitch; sygaldryd, _pt. s._, HD. Siggen, _v._ to say; see Seggen. Sighte, _sb._ sight, providence, appearance, PP, C; sihðe, S; syhte, S; syȝt, S2; zygþe, S2; zyȝþe, S2; sihte, S; siȝte, S.—AS. (_ge_)_sihð_ (_gesiht_). Signe, _sb._ sign, portent, PP; see Syng. Signefiance, _sb._ meaning, S.—OF. _signefiance_. Signefien, _v._ to signify, mean, S.—AF. _signefier_. Sihen, _pt. pl._ saw, S2; see Seon. Sik, _adj._ sick, S; see Sek. Sike, _adj._ such, S3; see Swyche. Siker, _adj._ secure, sure, trusty, S, S2, C3, P; sikir, W; sekir, B; zykere, S2; zikere, S2; syker, S3, P; _adv._, truly, S3; sikerer, _comp._, S3, C; sikerere, P; sikerest, _superl._, S2. _Comb._: sikerhede, security, SD; sikerlec, surety, pledge, SD; sikerliche, surely, certainly, S; sykerlych, S2; sikerlike, S; sikerly, S3, C, C2, P; sykerly, H; sekirly, B; sikernesse, security, S, S2, C2, C3; sicernesse, S; sykernes, S2; sikirnesse, W; sykirnes, H; sekirnes, B.—OS. _sikor_; Late Lat. _sĕcurus_ (with accent on the first syllable); cp. OHG. _sichor_ (Otfrid). Cf. Sure. Siknesse, _sb._ sickness, C2; see Seknesse. Sikul, _sb._ sickle, P; sykel, PP; sykyl, Prompt.—AS. _sicel_ (Voc.); Lat. _secula_. Silc, _adj._ such, S2; see Swyche. Silden, _v._ to shield, S; see Schelden. Silke, _sb._ silk, P; see Selke. Silour; see Selure. Siluer, _sb._ silver, S, C3; seoluer, S; suluer, S2; seluer, S, S2; siluere, _dat._, S; selure, S.—OMerc. _sylfur_, AS. _silfor_ (_seolfor_): OS. _silubar_, Goth. _silubr_; see Sievers, 107. Simle, _adv._ ever, for ever, S.—AS. _simle_ (_symle_) for _simble_: OS. _simbla_; cp. OHG. _simbulum_ (Tatian). Sinden, _pr. pl._ are; sinndenn, S; senden, S; seoð, S; si, _pr. s. subj._, let (there) be, S; seon, _subj. pl._, may be, S.—AS. _syndun_, pr. pl., _sí_, pr. s. subj., _síen_, pl., see Sievers, 427. Sinegen, _v._ to sin, S; see Sunegen. Sinen, _pp._ shone, S; see Schynen. Sinne, _sb._ sin, S; see Sunne. Siouns, _sb. pl._ branches, W2; see Syon. Sipes, _pl._ ships, S; see Schip. Si-quar; see under Sið. Sire, _sb._ a prince, king, lord, father, master, a term used in addressing knights, kings, S, S2, P, G; syr, Prompt.—AF. _sire_ (for *_se’ior_); Lat. _senior_, older; so F. _pire_; Lat. _peior_, worse. Sis, six, C2; see Sixe. Siser, _sb._ strong drink; see Sicer. Sisour, _sb._ juror, PP; sysour, P; see Asisour. Sisoure, _sb._ a person deputed to hold assizes, juryman, P, S2, G; sisour, PP; sysour, PP.—Low Lat. _assisorem_ (Ducange), from OF. _a_(_s_)_sise_, a sitting down, also a settlement, pp. fem. of _aseeir_; Lat. _assidēre_, to sit at. Sist, seest; see Seon. Siste, sixth, S; see Sixte. Sistren, _pl._ sisters, C; see Suster. Site, _sb._ grief, S2; syte, WA, HD.—Icel. _sút_; AS. _suht_; cp. OHG. _suht_ (Otfrid), Goth. _sauhts_, sickness. Siten, _v._ to grieve, S2. See above. Sið, _sb._ time, SD; siðe, _dat._, S; sith, _pl._, H; syth, H; siðe, C, S2, PP; sythe, H, C2, C3; sythes, S2, PP; sithis, W, S3; sithes, PP; zyþe, S2; ziþe, S2 (9. 72). _Comb._: oft-sith (= Lat. _sæpe_), H; si-quar (for sið-quar), time when, S2.—AS. _síð_, journey, turn, time: Goth. _sinths_; cp. OHG. _sind_, ‘via’ (Otfrid), Icel. _sinn_. Siððen, _adv._ and _conj._ afterwards, since, S, C, G; siþþe, S2, S3; siðen, S, S3, C; siðe, S, S3; sith, S2, S3, G; seoððan, S; seoððen, S; seoððe, S; seððen, S, S2, G; seðen, S, S2; seðe, S; syth, S3, C; seþþe, S2; suþþe, S, S2; syþþen, S2; sythen, S2, S3; sen, H, S2, S3; syn, S2, S3; syne, S2, S3; sens, S3.—AS. _síððan_. Sitten, _v._ to sit, cost, befit, S, P; sytte, PP, S3; zitte, S2; sit, _pr. s._, C, S2, G, PP; sitt, PP; sits, S3; set, _pt. s._, S; seet, C, G; sæt, S; setten, _pl._, S; sete, S, G; seten, C2, W; seeten, C; saten, G; seten, _pp._, S, C; syttyn, S2.—AS. _sittan_, pt. _sæt_ (pl. _sǽton_), pp. _seten_. Sixe, _num._ six, S, PP; sexe, S; sax, S3; sis, C2; sys, C2.—AS. _six_. Sixt, seest; see Seon. Sixte, _ord._ sixth, S; syxte, PP; sexte, S, S2; sæxte, S; siste, S.—AS. _sixta_. Siȝe, _sb._ victory, SD; si, SD; sy, S.—AS. _sige_: Goth. _sigis_; cp. OHG. _sig_ (Tatian). Siȝe-craft, _sb._ magic art, SD. See Sigaldren. Siȝede, _pt. s._ sighed, S3; see Syken. Siȝen, _pt. pl._ saw; see Seon. Skaffaut, _sb._ an engine of war used by besiegers, CM; scafalde, _procestrium_, Cath.; scafold, stage, Prompt., SkD; scaffould, _theatrum_, _scena_, Manip.; schaffalde, stage, Cath. (_n_); skaffold, Cath. (_n_).—OF. _escafaut_ (_eschafaut_); cp. OF. _chafaut_ (_chaffaut_), Low Lat. _chaafallum_, _chaufaudus_, a wooden tower used against besiegers; cp. also It. _catafalco_. The origin of this word of various forms is absolutely unknown. Skaith, _sb._ harm, S3; see Scaðe. Skalk, _sb._ scalp, H; skalke, H; skalkys, _pl._, H. Skalle, _sb._ scabbiness on the head, scall, SkD. Skalled, _adj._ scabby, C. Skalp, _sb._ scalp, H (Ps. 7. 17); scalp, SkD. Skarrit, _1 pt. s._ was scared, S3; see Skerren. Skathe, _sb._ harm, C, G; skath, H; see Scaðe. Skeet, _adj._ swift; _adv._ soon, quickly, G; skete, HD; sket, S, HD.—Icel. _skjótr_, swift; adv. _skjótt_. Skele, _sb._ reason, S2; see Skyl. Skenten, _v._ to amuse, SD.—Icel. _skemta_, to amuse, to shorten, from _skamr_, short. Skentinge, _sb._ amusement, S, SD. Sker, _adv._ clean, entirely, S; see Schere. Skerren, _v._ to scare, frighten, to be frightened, SD; skeren, Prompt.; scarren, SD; skarrit, _1 pt. s._, S3; skerrit, SD.—Icel. _skirra_, to prevent, _reflex._ to shrink from. Skewe, _sb._ sky, S2; see Skye. Skey, _adj._ shy (as a horse), Prompt.; see Schey. Skeymowse, _adj._ disdainful, scornful, _abhominativus_, Prompt.; queymows, Prompt.; sweymows, Prompt.; squaymous, CM; squeamous, CM; squaymose, _verecundus_, Cath.; skoymus, disdainful, Cath. (_n_); squeamish, coy, precise (of a young girl), Cotg. (s.v. _sucrée_); fastidious, Baret. Skil, _sb._ reason, H; see Skyl. Skilwise, _adj._ reasonable, discreet, H; scilwis, H; skilwisly, _adv._, H. Skinden, _v._ to hasten, S.—Icel. _skynda_, _skunda_; cp. AS. _scyndan_. Sklayre, _sb._ a veil, P; scleyre, PP; skleire, PP; skleir, PP.—Cp. G. _schleier_, Du. _sluijer_. Sklither, _adj._ slippery (= Lat. _lubricus_), H; cf. Slider. Sklythirynge, _sb._ liability to fall, H. Skowtez, _pr. s._ pries, looks, S2; see Scouten. Skye, _sb._ cloud, sky, Prompt.; skewe, S2; skwe, S2; schew, WA; skyes, _pl._, PP.—Icel. _ský_, cloud. Skyl, _sb._ discernment, reason, skill, Prompt.; skil, H; skill, S; skyle, S2; skile, S, C2, W; skille, S2; skele, S2; skiles, _pl._, reasons, C2, H; skilles, S2, H.—Icel. _skil_, distinction, discernment. Skylfulle, _adj._ reasonable, discerning, Prompt.; skilful, W2, C3. Skylly, _perhaps_ dispersing (?), S2. Skyualde, _perhaps_ scramble (?), S2. Sla, _v._ to slay, S2; see Sleen. Slade, _sb._ a valley, Manip., ND.—AS. _slǽd_. Slagen, _pp._ slain, S; see Sleen. Slaht, _sb._ slaughter, SD; slaȝt, S2.—AS. _sleaht_. Slaine, Slawen; see Sleen. Slak, _sb._ ravine, a hollow, depression, gap or pass between two hills, S3, B; slack, the low ground, HD; a common (in Yorkshire), NQ (1. 10. 400). Slak, _adj._ slack, Prompt.; slac, S2; slake, _dat._, C.—AS. _sleac_: OS. _slak_. Slakien, _v._ to be slack, to make loose, S, W; slake, to become less grievous, S2; to slacken, cease, C2; slakeþ, _pr. s._, burns low, S2; assuages, C2.—AS. _slacian_. Slape, _sb._ sleep, S; see Slepe. Slatten, _v._ to throw down, to slap; slat, HD; sleateð, _pr. pl._, S. Slaunder; see Sclaundre. Slaueren, _v._ to slaver, to let the saliva fall from the mouth, S2. Slawe, _adj._ slow, S3; see Slowe. Slaȝt, _sb._ slaughter, S2; see Slaht. Sle, _adj._ sly, cunning, S3; see Sly. Sleen, _v._ to slay, PP, C2; slee, PP, S3, W, G; sle, S, S3, PP; slen, PP; slean, S; slæn, S; slon, S; slo, S; sla, S2; sleað, _pr. s._, S; sleth, S3; sleeth, C; sleað, _pl._, S; slaȝeð, S; slage, S; sloh, _pt. s._, S; sloȝ, S; slou, S, S2; slow, S2, S3; slowe, W; slouh, S2; slouȝ, S2; slough, S3, C; sloghen, _pl._, S; sloȝen, S; slowe, S2; slowen, W; sloȝe, S; slogh, S2; sloughe, S3; slo, _pr. subj._, _2 p._, S2; slen, _pl._, S; slagen, _pp._, S; slaine, S; slawen, C2; slayn, C2; sleie, S2; slawe, S3, C; slean, S3; y-slayn, C3; i-slawe, S2; y-slawe, C3; i-sleiene, _pl._, S.—AS. _sléan_ (for _slahan_), pt. _slóh_ (pl. _slógon_), pp. _slægen_, also _slegen_. Sleet, _sb._ sleet, Prompt.; slet, SD.—Cp. G. _schlosse_. Slegh, _adj._ cunning, S2; sleh, S; see Sly. Sleght, _sb._ cunning, S2; sleht, S; see Sleythe. Slendyr; see Sclender. Slepe, _sb._ sleep, S, S2, Prompt.; slape, S; slep, S.—AS. _slǽp_: OS. _sláp_; cp. OFris. _slép_. Slepen, _v._ to sleep, S; slep, _pt. s._, S, S3; slepte, (_weak form_), C2, PP; slepen, _pl._, PP.—AS. _slǽpan_, pt. _slép_; a reduplicating verb, see Douse, p. 48. Slepyng, _sb._ sleep, S2. Sleðrende, _pr. p._ falling like snow, S. Sleuth, _sb._ track, trail, slot, S2, B; sluth, B; slewth, B; sloð, S, SkD. _Comb._: sleuth-hund, a sleuth-hound, S2.—Icel. _slóð_. Sleuþe, _sb._ sloth, S2, P; sleuth, H; see Slouthe. Sleue, _sb._ sleeve, C3, Prompt.—AS. _sléfe_. Sleueles, _adj._ sleeveless, useless, HD. Sley, _adj._ sly, S2; see Sly. Sleythe, _sb._ cunning, skill, falsehood, trick, Prompt., PP; sleithe, PP; sleȝþe, S2; slehþe, SD, PP; slithe, PP; slyþe, PP; sleighte, PP, C, C2, C3; sleht, S; sleght, S2.—Icel. _slægð_ (for _slœgð_). See Sly. Sliden, _v._ to slide, PP; slit, _pr. s._, C3; slod, _pt. s._, S2; slode, _pl._, PP; slide, _pp._, W2.—AS. _slídan_, pt. _slád_, pp. _sliden_. Slider, _adj._ slippery, C; slidir, W2; slydyr, Prompt. See Sklither. Slidernesse, _sb._ slipperyness; slydirnesse, W2; slydyrnesse, Prompt. Slih, _adj._ cunning, experienced, S2; see Sly. Slike, _adj._ such, H.—Icel. _slíkr_. Slikien, _v._ to smoothe, to polish, SD; slyken, P; slicke, S3; isliked, S. Sliper, _adj._ slippery, SD; slipper, S3, Sh.—AS. _slipor_ (Leo). Slitten, _v._ to slit, pierce, SD; slytyn, Prompt.; slyttyng, _pr. p._, piercing (of language), S2; islit, _pp._, S.—AS. _slítan_. Slo, _vb._ to slay, S; slon, S; sloh, _pt. s._, S; see Sleen. Slod, _pt. s._ slid, S2; see Sliden. Slogardye, _sb._ sloth, C3; see Sluggardy. Sloh, _sb._ slough, PP; slough, C2, C3.—AS. _slóh_. Slokyn, _v._ to slake, quench, H, Cath.; slokin, S3; slokke, PP; slokynd, _pp._, H; slekynd, H.—Cp. Icel. _slökva_. Cf. Slakien. Slomeren, _v._ to slumber, Cath., Prompt.; slumeren, SD; slombred, _pt. s._, P. Slomering, _sb._ slumbering, S3. Slong, _pp._ cast away, S3; see Slyngen. Sloppar, _adj._ slippery, S3. Sloterin, _v. maculare_, SD; sloterd, _pp._, bespattered, S2. Sloð, _sb._ track, trail, S; see Sleuth. Slough; see Sloh. Slouthe, _sb._ sloth, S2, C3, PP; slouhðe, S; sleuȝþe, S2, PP; sleuþe, S2, P; slewthe, C3, PP; sleuth, H, PP.—AS. _slǽwð_. See below. Slow, Sloȝe; see Sleen. Slowe, _adj._ and _sb._ slow, sluggish, a lazy man, PP, S; slow, W2; slouh, S; slawe, S3; slaw, S2.—AS. _sláw_. Sluggardy, _sb._ sloth, S3; slogardye, C3; sloggardye, C. Slugge, _adj._ slothful, Prompt. Sluggen, _v._ to slug, to be inactive, SkD. Sluggy, _adj._ slothful, Prompt. Sly, _adj._ sly, cunning, skilful, Prompt.; sliȝ, W; slih, S2; sley, S2; slegh, S2; sleh, S; sleȝ, S2; sle, S3.—Icel. _slægr_ (for _slœgr_). Slyly, _adv._ cunningly, Prompt.; sleighly, prudently, C. Slynge, _sb._ sling, PP. Slyngen, _v._ to sling, hurl, throw away, PP, Prompt.; slonge, _pt. pl._, S2; slong, _pp._, S3; slungin, S3.—AS. _slingan_, pl. _slang_, pp. _slungen_. Smak, _sb._ taste, flavour, Prompt.; smacc, S; smach, S2.—AS. _smæc_, taste, flavour (Voc.). Smaken, to have a savour, scent, S, Prompt.; smacky, to imagine, perceive, taste, relish, understand, S2; smachande, _pr. p._, S2; smauhte, _pt. s._, PP; smauȝte, _pl._, PP.—AS. _smæcian_, see Grein (s.v. _smæc_). Smalle, _adj._ small, narrow, Prompt.; smal, S, S2; smaill, S3.—AS. _smæl_, narrow: Goth. _smals_. Smart, _adj._ bitter, S2; see Smerte. Smatte, _pt. s._ smote, S; see Smiten. Smec, _sb._ smoke, S; smech, S; smeke, Prompt.—AS. _sméc_. Smechunge, _sb._ taste, S. See Smak. Smell, _sb._ smell, S; smul, S. Smellen, _v._ to smell, S, PP; smylle, PP; smolte, _pt. s._, S2.—Cp. Low G. _smelen_, to smoulder. Smeorten, _v._ to smart, S; see Smerten. Smerien, _v._ to smear, anoint; smeren, S; smurieð, _pr. pl._, S; smered, _pp._, S.—AS. _smerian_, _smyrian_, from _smeru_, fat, _smero_ (Voc.). Smerl, _sb._ ointment, S2. Smerld, _pp._ anointed, S2. Smerte, _adj._ and _adv._ painful, sharp, sharply, quick, quickly, C, S, PP; smert, S2; smart, S2, C3; smertely, _adv._, G.—AS. _smeart_. Smerte, _sb._ smart, pain, C2; smierte, S; smert, C3. Smerten, _v._ to smart, to be pained, PP, S, S2, C2; smeorten, S; smerte, _pt. s._, C; smerted, S3.—AS. _smeortan_ (EETS. 79, p. 36). Smiten, _v._ to smite; smyten, PP; smit, _pr. s._, C2, PP; smot, _pt. s._, S, S2, PP; smette, S3; smatte, S; smiten, _pl._, S; smyten, W; smiten, _pp._, PP.—AS. _smítan_, pt. _smát_ (pl. _smiton_), pp. _smiten_. Smok, _sb._ smock, C2, PP, Prompt. Smok-les, _adj._ without a smock, C2. Smolder, _sb._ smoke from smouldering wood, PP. Smolderen, _v._ to smoulder; smolderande, _pr. p._, S2. Smorðer, _sb._ suffocating smoke, S; smorþre, PP. Smorðren, _v._ to smother, suffocate, SD. Smot, _pt. s._ of Smiten, q.v. Smul, _sb._ smell, S; see Smell. Smurieð, _pr. pl._ smear, S; see Smerien. Smyðien, _v._ to forge; smythye, P; smytheth, _pr. s._, P.—AS. _smiðian_. Smyþþe, _sb._ smithy, forge, S2; smythy, Prompt.—AS. _smiððe_ (Voc.). Snapere, _v._ to trip, to stumble, W2, SD; snapper, HD; snapirs, _pr. s._, WA. Snað, _pt. s._ cut, S; see Sniðen. Snaw, _sb._ snow, S; see Snow. Snelle, _adj._ quick, sharp, S, S2; snell, S3; snel, S.—AS. _snell_: OHG. _snel_ (Otfrid). Snepe, _adj._ foolish, S. Snesien, _v._ to strike, S.—AS. _snǽsan_ (in _á-snǽsan_, BT), to put on a spit; from _snás_, a spit (Voc.); cp. Icel. _sneisa_ from _sneis_. Sniðen, _v._ to cut; snað, _pt. s._, S.—AS. _sníðan_, pt. _snáð_ (pl. _snidon_); cp. OHG. _snídan_ (Tatian). Sniwen, _v._ to snow; snewen, SD; sniuþ, _pr. s._, S; sniweþ, SD; snew, _pt. s._, SD; snewede, C.—AS. _sníwan_. Snorkil, _sb._ wrinkle, H.—Cp. North.E. _snurkle_, to run into knots, JD, _snurl_, to wrinkle, JD; cp. OHG. _snuor_, string, see Fick, 7. 351. Snow, _sb._ snow, Prompt., PP; snouȝ, PP; snou, S; snaw, S.—AS. _snáw_: Goth. _snaiws_. Snowte, _sb._ snout, Prompt.; snute, S.—Cp. G. _schnauze_. Snybbyn, _v._ to rebuke, Prompt., C; snube, H; snybid, _pt. pl._, H; snyband, _pr. p._, H; snibbed, _pp._, C2. Snybbynge, _sb._ rebuke, Prompt.; snybynge, H; snibbing, S2; snybyngis, _pl._, H. Snytyn, _v._ to clear the nose, Prompt.; snytte, _pt. s._, S2; y-snyt, _pp._, S2. Sobre, _adj._ sober, sedate, C2; sobur, Prompt.—OF. _sobre_; Lat. _sobrium_. Sobreliche, _adj._ and _adv._ sedate, soberly, CM; soburly, CM; soberly, C. Soburnesse, _sb._ soberness, Prompt. Soche, _adj._ such, S; see Swyche. Socht, _pt. pl._ sought, went, S3; see Sechen. Socour, _sb._ succour, C2, C3; socowre, Prompt.—AF. _sucur_, _soccour_, OF. _socors_; Late Lat. _succursus_ (Ducange). Sodeyn, _adj._ sudden, C2, C3; sodeynly, _adv._ suddenly, S3, C2; sodeynliche, S2.—AF. _sodeyne_; Late Lat. _subitanum_, see BH, § 122. Softe, _adj._ soft, warm, mild, gentle, S, S2, C3; _adv._ gently, luxuriously, S2, S, C3; softeliche, gently, S; softely, C3. _Comb._: zoft-hede, _sb._ softness, S2.—AS. _sófte_. Sohte, _pt. s._ sought, S, S2; see Sechen. Soke, _sb._ the exercise of judicial power, PP, SkD. _Der._: soken, the territory or precinct in which public privileges were exercised, SkD; sokne, PP; (Rotland)-sokene, (Rutland)shire, P.—AS. _sóc_, the exercise of judicial power; _sócn_, _sócen_, an enquiry; see Schmid. Sokelynge, _sb._ suckling, Prompt. Sokelynge, _sb._ a herb, _locusta_, Prompt. Sokyl-blome, _sb._ _locusta_, Voc.—From a form *_sokel_, that which sucks. Cp. Hony-souke. Solas, _sb._ rest, solace, pleasure, merriment, G, C2, PP, SkD.—AF. _solas_, OF. _solaz_, Lat. _solatium_; see BH, § 143. Solde, should; see Scholde. Solempne, _adj._ solemn, grand, festive, magnificent, C2, C3, Prompt.; solempnely, _adv._ with pomp, S2, C2, C3; solenliche, PP.—AF. _solempne_; Lat. _solemnem_. Solempnite, _sb._ festivity, C, Prompt.—AF. _sollempnitee_; Lat. _solemnitatem_. Solere, _sb._ an upper room, loft, Prompt., Voc., HD; throne, H; soler, W, Voc., HD; soller, Palsg.; stage of a house, ND; sollar, HD, Palsg.—AF. _soler_, _solair_, OF. _solier_; Late Lat. _solarium_ (Voc.); cp. AS. _solere_ (Grein), OS. _soleri_. OHG. _soleri_ (Tatian), _solári_, the prætorium of Pilate, also a guest-chamber (Otfrid), Du. _zolder_. Soleyne, _adj._ solitary, hating company, sullen, PP, Prompt.; soleyn, PP, W2; sollein, S3.—OF. _solain_, solitary, pertaining to one alone: Late Lat. *_solanum_, from Lat. _solus_. Somdel; see under Sum. Some, _sb._ concord, S.—AS. _sóme_. Somed, _adv._ together, S; somet, S; see Samed. Somer, _sb._ summer, C; sumer, S; someres, _gen. s._, C2, C3. _Comb._: somer-game, summer-game, P.—AS. _sumor_: OS. _sumar_; cp. OHG. _sumar_ (Tatian). Somme, _sb._ sum, S3, C3; some, S3; summe, Prompt.—AF. _summe_ (_sume_); Lat. _summa_. Somnen, _v._ to join, S; see Samnen. Sompne, _v._ to summon, PP, CM; someny, PP; somony, S2; somoni, S; somownyn, Prompt.; somondis, _pr. s._, H; sumundis, H; somened, _pp._, W.—AF. _somoundre_ (pr. p. _somonant_), OF. _semondre_; Late Lat. _submōnĕre_; Lat. _sub_ + _mŏnēre_. Sompnour, _sb._ summoner, one who cites before an ecclesiastical court, C, PP; sumpnour, S2; somnour, PP; somner, PP; somenour, PP; sumnowre, Prompt.—AF. _sumenour_. Somwat; see under Sum. Sond, _sb._ sand, S, S2, C, PP; sand, PP; sonde, _dat._, S.—AS. _sand_. Sond, _sb._ a dish or mess of food; sand, gift, S2; sonde, _dat._, S; sonden, _pl._, S; sandon, S.—AS. _sand_, ‘ferculum’ (Voc.). Sonde, _sb._ a sending, message, gift sent, also mission, embassy, messenger, S, S2, C3, P, G, H (p. 497); sonden, _pl._, S; sondes, S. _Comb._: sondezmon, messenger, S2; sandesman, SD; sandismene, _pl._, HD. Sonder. _Comb._: sonderemen, messengers, S; sanderbodes, messengers, S.—AS. _sander_ in _sandermen_ (Chron. ann. 1123). Sondry, separate, C2; see Sunder. Sone, _sb._ son, S, S2, C2, G; sune, S; zone, S2; sun, S2. _Comb._: sone in lawe, son-in-law, C2.—AS. _sunu_: Goth. _sunus_. Sone, _adv._ forthwith, quickly, soon, S, G, S2, C2, PP; soune, S3; son, S2; soyn, S2; sonest, _superl._, C2; sonnest, P.—AS. _sóna_, see Sievers, 317. Song, _pt. s._ sang, C2; see Syngen. Songe, _sb._ song, Prompt.; sang, S, S3; zang, S2; songes, _pl._, S.—AS. _sang_. Songe-warie, _sb._ the observation of dreams, P.—OF. _songe_; Lat. _somnium_, dream. Sonne, _sb._ sun, S, S2, C2, P; sunne, S, S2, Prompt. _Comb._: sunne-bem, sunbeam, S; Sunnen-dæi, Sunday, S; sunne-dei, S; sunedai, S; sunedei, S; sone-dæi, S; soneday, S, G; sonendayes, _pl._, S2; sunne-risindde, sun-rising, S.—AS. _sunne_: OS. _sunna_. Soop, _pt. t._ of Sup. Soope, _sb._ soap, Prompt.; sape, S.—AS. _sápe_; Lat. _sāpo_. Soot, Soote, _adj._ sweet, S3; see Swete. Sooth, Soothly; see Soth. Sop, _pt. s._ created, S; see Schapen. Sope, _pp._ of Sup. Soper, _sb._ supper, C, C2, G; see Souper. Sophyme, _sb._ a sophism, C2; sophimes, _pl._, subtleties, C2.—OF. _sophisme_ (Cotg.); Gr. σόφισμα. Soppe, _sb._ a sop, Cath., PP; sop, C; soppis, _pl._, S3. Sopun, _pp._ of Sup. Sore, _v._ to soar, mount aloft, C2, CM.—OF. _essorer_ (Cotg.); Late Lat. *_exaurare_, to expose to the _air_ (Lat. _aura_). Sore, _adj._ and _adv._ sore, painful, S, C2, G; sare, S2, S; sar, S, S3, S2; soore, Prompt.; sair, B.—AS. _sár_. Sore, _sb._ sore, misery, C2; sor, S; sar, S; soore, Prompt.—AS. _sár_. Soren, _pp._ shorn, S; see Schere. Sort, _sb._ destiny, chance, lot, C, W; sorte, turn (= Lat. _vice_), W.—AF. _sort_; Lat. _sortem_. Sorwe, _sb._ sorrow, S, S2, CM, C2; sorȝe, S; zorȝe, S2; soriȝe, S; soreȝe, S; sareȝe, S; soreghe, S2; seorewe, S; serewe, S; seoruwe, S; serwe, S2; soru, S2; sorhe, S; sorewe, S, S2.—AS. _sorh_: OS. _sorga_. Sorwe-ful, _adj._ sorrowful, C; sorful, S; sorwefully, _adv._ sorrowfully, C2. Sorwen, _v._ to sorrow, CM; serrȝheþþ, _pr. s._, S.—AS. _sorgian_. Sorwynge, _sb._ sorrowing, CM; sorewyngis, _pl._, W. Sory, _adj._ sorry, wretched, painful, grievous, Prompt., S2, C, C2, PP, G; sori, S, S2, PP; sari, S; særi, S; sariliche, _adv._, S; soryly, Prompt. _Comb._: sorymod, sad in mind, S.—AS. _sárig_. Sorynesse, _sb._ sadness, Prompt.; sorinesse, S.—AS. _sárignes_. Soster, _sb._ sister, S2; see Suster. Sote, _adj._ sweet, C2, C3; see Swete. Soth, _adj._ and _sb._ true, truth, sooth, soothsaying, S, S2, C3, P, H; sooth, C2; suth, S2; sothe, W, S2, S3, P; soothe, S3; zoþe, S2; sothely, _adv._, verily, PP, W; soothly, C2. _Comb._: soðfast, true, S, S3, H; sothefast, W; soothfastnesse, truth, C2, C3, H; sothnes, truth, S2, H; sothnesse, S2, P; sothriht, truly, S.—AS. _sóð_ (for *_sonð_, *_sanð_); cp. Icel. _sannr_ (for *_sanðr_); cp. Dan. _sand_. Sothe, _adj._ south, S3; see Sowthe. Sothien, _v._ to verify, SD, SkD (s.v. _soothe_); i-soðet, _pp._, S.—AS. _ge-sóðian_. Sothroun, _adj._ southern, S3; see Sowtherne. Sotte, _sb._ fool, S, Prompt., PP; sot, S, S2; sottes, _gen._, S, S2. _Der._: sotlice, foolishly, S; sotschipe, folly, S; sotted, besotted, C3.—OF. _sot_. Sotyle, _adj._ subtle, fine-wrought, crafty, ingenious, Prompt.; sotyl, PP; sotil, PP, C; sotel, PP; sutelle, Cath.; sutaille, S3; sotely, _adv._, PP; suteli, W.—AF. _sotil_, _sutil_; Lat. _subtīlem_. Sotyle, _v._ to reason subtly, to make use of cunning, PP; sotilen, PP; sutils, _pr. s._, makes subtle, H. Sotylte, _sb._ skill, Prompt.; sotilte, C3.—AF. _sotiltee_; Lat. _subtilitatem_. Souchen, _v._ to suspect, SD, HD; souches, _pr. s._, S2.—OF. _suscher_; Late Lat. *_suspicare_, for Lat. _suspicari_, see Diez, p. 681, and BH, § 152. Souden, _v._ to pay, PP. See Sowde. Soudly, _adj._ dirty, S3.—Cp. Northern E. _suddill_, to dirty (JD), also G. _sudeln_, to do dirty work. Souerty, _sb._ surety, S3; see Surety. Soufre, _sb._ sulphur, S2; soulfre, CM.—OF. _soufre_, _soulfre_ (Cotg.); Late Lat. _sulfurem_. Souken, _v._ to suck, C2, S2, W2; sowken, S3. _Comb._: soukynge-fere, foster-brother, W.—AS. _súcan_, pt. _séac_, pp. _socen_. Soule, _sb._ soul, PP, S, S2; sowle, S, C; saule, S, S2, H; sawle, S; saull, S3; soulen, _pl._, S, S2; saulen, S; sawless, S; sowle, S; zaulen, S2. _Comb._: soule hele, soul’s salvation, PP; sawel hel, S2.—AS. _sáwol_, _sáwle_: Goth. _saiwala_. Soun, _sb._ sound, S2, S3, C2, W2, H: sown, H, W, W2; sowne, S2; son, S2; sownde, Prompt.—AF. _soun_, OF. _son_; Lat. _sonum_. Sound, _sb._ a swoon, S3; see Swowne. Sounen, _v._ to sound, C2, PP; sownen, C2, S2, W2, PP; sowndyn, Prompt.; sunen, S.—AF. _suner_, _soner_; Lat. _sonare_. Sounyng, _sb._ sounding, S2. Soupen, _v._ to sup, drink gradually, to eat supper, P, W, C2; sowpen, S3.—OF. _souper_. Of Teutonic origin. Cp. Sup. Souper, _sb._ supper, C; soper, C, C2, G.—OF. _souper_, AF. _soper_. Souple, _adj._ supple, pliant, C, C2.—OF. _souple_, beaten, defeated (Bartsch); Lat. _supplicem_, submissive. Soure, _adj._ sour, acid, PP; sur, S; soure, _adv._ sourly, C2, P. _Comb._: sourdouȝ, leaven, W; sourdow, W; sourdowȝ, W.—AS. _súr_; cp. Icel. _súrr_ and _súrdegi_ (Matt. 13. 33). Souren, _v._ to sour; sowrid, _pp._, made sour, W. Sours, _sb._ source, origin, C2; soaring, CM.—OF. _sourse_, a spring of water; Late Lat. _sursa_, a late pp. f. form from Lat. _surgere_ (OF. _sordre_, pp. _sors_, _sours_). Souse, _v._ to strike, dash, RD, SkD; souce, Spenser 1. See below. Souse, _sb._ the downward plunge of a bird of prey, RD. (Originally the same as Sours, used of a hawk’s flight.—W. W. S.) Soutere, _sb._ cobbler, S3; souter, PP; sowter, Cath., ND.—AS. _sútere_ (Voc.); Lat. _sutor_. Souteresse, _sb._ a woman shoe-seller, P. Souenaunce, _sb._ remembrance, S3.—OF. _sovenance_, also _souvenance_ (Cotg.), from _sovenir_; Lat. _subuenire_. Souerentè, _sb._ sovereignty, Prompt.; souerayntee, C2.—AF. _soverainte_. Souereyn, _adj._ and _sb._ supreme, sovereign, C, C2, C3; souereynes, _pl._, superiors, P, W; sufrayns, H; souereyneste, _superl._, W2; soueraignly, _adv._, C.—AF. _soverein_; Late Lat. *_superanum_. Sowdan, _sb._ sultan, S2, C3.—OF. _soudan_, _souldan_; Arab. _sultân_. Sowdanesse, _sb._ sultaness, S2, C3. Sowde, _v._ to strengthen; sowdid, _pp._ (= Lat. _consolidatae_), W.—OF. _souder_ (Cotg.): It. _soldare_; Lat. _solidare_, see SkD (s.v. _solder_). Sowde, _sb._ stipend, pay, W; sowd, Prompt.; sowdis, _pl._, W.—OF. _soude_; Lat. _soldum_, a sum of money, from _solidus_. Sowdyowre, _sb._ one that fights for pay, soldier, Prompt.; soudiour, S3.—Cp. OF. _soudoier_ (Ducange). Sowen, _v._ to sow, S, PP; sawe, S; souwen, PP; sewe, _pt. s._, W; sew, H; sewen, _pl._, S; seowe, _pt. s. subj._, S; sowun, _pp._, W; sowe, G; ȝe-sawen, S.—AS. _sáwan_. Sowse, _v._ to immerse in brine, to plunge in water, to drench with rain, Palsg., S3; soused, _pp._, pickled, Sh.; soust, drenched, Spenser 1.—From OF. _sause_, sauce; Lat. _salsa_, salted. Sowse, _sb._ a dish of pickled food, _succidium_, Voc. Sowthe, _adj._ south, Prompt.; sothe, S3; suð, S. _Comb._: Souþ-hamtessire, Hampshire, S2; Suð-sæxe, Sussex, SD.—AS. _súð_: OHG. _sund-ana_, from the south (Tatian). Sowtherne, _adj._ southern, Prompt.; souþeron, S2; southren, C3; sothroun, S3; suthroun, S3. Soyr, _adj._ brown (as of withered leaves), S3.—OF. _sor_ (Roland); cp. F. _saure_. Of Teutonic origin. See Seere. Spæc, _pt. s._ of Speken, q.v. Spæche, _sb._ speech, S; see Speche. Spak, _adj._ wise, prudent, quiet, gentle, SD; spake, HD; spakliche, _adv._, SD; spakli, S2.—Icel. _spakr_, quiet, gentle, wise. Spale, _sb._ a chip of wood, splinter, S, SD; spalle, Prompt.; spolle, Prompt.; spole, Voc.—Icel. _spölr_ (_spala_, gen. pl.). Spang, _sb._ a metal fastening, brooch, clasp, buckle; spangs, _pl._, S3.—AS. _spange_ (Grein). Spangele, _sb._ a small plate of shining metal used to ornament a bridle, _lorale_, Prompt. Spanyn, _v._ to wean, Prompt.; spane, HD; spaned, H, Cath.—Cp. G. _spänen_, OHG. (_bi_)_spenjan_, Du. _spenen_, see Weigand; cp. also AS. _spana_, ‘ubera’ (Voc.). Spanynge, _sb._ a weaning, _ablactacio_, Cath., Prompt. Sparkle, _sb._ spark. Prompt. _Comb._: deed-sparcle (= Lat. _fauilla_), W2. Sparlire, _sb._ the calf of the leg, HD; sparlyuer, _sura_, Trevisa (5. 355); sperlyuer, _musculus_, Voc.—AS. _spear-líra_, ‘sura’ (Deut. 28. 35), _speoru-líra_ (OET.). Sparre, _sb._ a beam, bar, spar, C, S3, Prompt., Cath.—AS. _speoru_ (Voc.); cp. Icel. _sparri_. Sparthe, _sb._ axe, battle-axe, Prompt., Cath.; sparth, C, WA.—Icel. _sparða_. Sparwe, _sb._ sparrow, C, S2; sparowe, Prompt. _Comb._: spar-hauk, sparrow-hawk, C2; sperhauke, P.—AS. _spearwa_. Spatel, _sb._ spittle, S; see Spotil. Spateling, _sb._ spitting, S. Spealie, _v._ to tell, S; see Spellien. Spec, _pt. s._ of Speken, q.v. Spece, _sb._ species, kind, S, Prompt.—Lat. _speciem_. Cf. Spice. Speche, _sb._ speech, S, S2, PP; spæche, S; spek, S2.—AS. _spǽc_ (Voc.). See Speken. Sped, _sb._ success, speed, S; speed, Prompt.—AS. _spéd_. Spede-ful, _adj._ profitable, W; speedful, C3; spedfullest, _superl._, S3. Speden, _v._ to succeed, prosper, speed, S, S2, S3; spet, _pr. s._, speeds, goes on, G; spedith, profits, S3, W2; spedde, _pt. s._, S, C2; sped, _pp._, S3.—AS. _spédan_. Speir, _sb._ sphere, S3; see Spere. Speken, _v._ to speak, S, S2; spæken, S; spece, _1 pr. s._, S; specð, _pr. s._, S; spæc, _pt. s._, S; spac, S, S2; spak, S, S2; spec, S, spek, S; spake, _2 pt. s._, S, G; speke, S; spækenn, _pl._, S; speken, S; speke, S2; speeke, S2; spekene, _ger._, S; speokene, S; i-speken, _pp._, S; ispeke, S.—AS. _specan_ (for _sprecan_), pt. _spæc_, pp. _specen_. Spell, _sb._ a discourse, story, S; spelle, _dat._, S, S2, C2.—AS. _spell_. Spellien, _v._ to relate, speak; spellen, S, PP; spealie, S; spilien, S.—AS. _spellian_. Spellinge, _sb._ recital, Prompt., S2. Spence, _sb._ provision-room, larder, G, Prompt.; spense, Voc.; expense, G, W.—OF. _despense_ (Constans); Late Lat. _dispensa_ (Voc.). Spencer, _sb._ officer having charge of the provisions, G; spenser, G; sponcere, Prompt.—OF. _despensier_; Late Lat. _dispensarium_ (acc.). Spenden, _v._ to use, spend, Prompt., PP; spene, S, PP; spende, _pt. pl._, S2; i-spend, _pp._, S; spendid, W; sponded, G. _Comb._: spending-siluer, money to spend, C3.—AS. _spendan_ (in compounds); Lat. _dispendere_. Spennen, _v._ to stretch, embrace, grasp, SD; spendyd, _pt. s._, grasped, S3; spend, _pp._, SD.—Icel. _spenna_; cp. AS. _spannan_, to bind, OHG. (_gi_)_spannan_ (Otfrid); see Weigand. Spercled, _pp._ scattered, flung abroad, S3 (24. 67). Sperd, _pt. s._ of Spiren, q.v. Spere, _sb._ sphere, Prompt., CM; speir, S3.—OF. _espere_; Late Lat. _spera_, _sphera_; Gr. σφαῖρα. Spere, _sb._ spear, S, C, Prompt.—AS. _spere_; cp. OHG. _sper_ (Tatian). Speren, _v._ to fasten with a _spar_, to close, S, Cath.; sperre, Cath.; speride, _pt. s._, S2; sperd, _pp._, S, H; sperrid, H.—AS. _sparrian_. See Sparre. Sperhauke, _sb._ sparrow-hawk, P; see under Sparwe. Sperling, _sb._ a small fish, S2; sperlynge, Cath., Voc.; sparlynge, Cath. (_n_); spurling, Cath. (_n_).—OF. _esperlan_, smelt (Cotg.). Spet, _pr. s._ of Speden, q.v. Speten, _v._ to spit, S, W2, Voc., CM; spette, _pt. s._, W, SD; spete, W; speten, _pl._, W; spetide, _pt. s._, W.—AS. _spǽtan_, pt. _spǽtte_. Spewen, _v._ to vomit, Cath.; spue, W2.—AS. _spíwan_, pt. _spáw_, pp. _spiwen_. Spice, _sb._ species, kind, spice, W; spyce, Voc.; spices, _pl._, S, P. _Comb._: spicelike, with spices, S; spices ware, spicery, S.—OF. _espice_; Late Lat. _spĕcia_ (for Lat. _spĕciem_), see BH, § 32. See Spece. Spicer, _sb._ dealer in spices, P, S2; spyserez, _pl._, S2. Spicerye, _sb._ spicery, S2, C2, C3.—AF. _spicerie_. Spie, _sb._ spy, PP; see Aspie. Spien, _v._ to spy, to look after, to watch, S; see Espye. Spilen, _v._ to play, S; spilede, _pt. s._, S.—Icel. _spila_; cp. G. _spielen_. Spilien, _v._ to speak, S; see Spellien. Spillen, _v._ to perish, also to destroy, S, S2, C2, C3, P; spyllen, S2; spill, S3; spilt, _pp._, killed, C3; y-spilte, PP.—AS. _spillan_, to destroy (Grein). Spire, _sb._ shoot, scion, blade, tall grass, reed, PP, S, G, CM; spyre, Prompt., PP, Palsg.; spier, W2. Spiren, _v._ to enquire, speer, PP; speren, PP; speoren, PP; spuren, PP; spirs, _imp. pl._, S2; spird, _pt. pl._, S2; sperd, _pt. s._, S3.—AS. _spyrian_, to make a track, from _spor_, track, see SkD (s.v. _spur_). Splene, _sb._ the spleen, Prompt.; splen, SkD. _Phr._: on the splene, suddenly, S3; fro the splene, with sudden fervour, rapidly, S3.—Lat. _splen_. Spoile, _sb._ booty, SkD; spuylis, _pl._, W2. See below. Spoilen, _v._ to plunder, W (Mk. 3. 27); spuyle, W; spuylid, _pp._, W2.—OF. _spolier_ (Cotg.); Lat. _spoliare_; see BH, § 64. Spone, _sb._ a chip, splinter of wood, spoon, C3, Prompt.; spoon, C2. _Comb._: span-newe, span new, SkD; spon-neowe, SkD.—AS. _spón_; cp. Icel. _spónn_, also _spánn_; cp. G. _spannen_ (Weigand). Spore, _sb._ spur, PP, Prompt., C, G.—AS. _spora_. Spotil, _sb._ spittle, W; spotele, W2; spatel, S.—AS. _spátl_. Spousaille, _sb._ wedding, C2; spousail, C2; sposailis, _pl._, W.—OF. _espousailles_. Spouse, _sb._ spouse, bridegroom, bride, W; spuse, S; spowse, Prompt. _Comb._: spousbreche, adulterer, SD; spusbruche, adultery, SD; spousebrekere, adulterer, W; spoushod, marriage, S2.—AF. _espouse_ (_espuse_); Lat. _sponsam_; also OF. _espos_, _spous_; Lat. _sponsum_; see BH, § 169. Spousen, _v._ to espouse, W, S2, C2; spousi, S2; i-spoused, _pp._, S2; y-spoused, S2; i-spused, S.—OF. _espouser_; Lat. _sponsare_. Sprangis, _sb. pl._ diffused rays of various colours, S3. Spraulin, _v._ to sprawl, SD; sprawel, S2; sprauleden, _pt. pl._, S.—AS. _spréawlian_ (cited by Zupitza from _Bouloneser Glossen_, see _Studium der neueren Sprachen_, July, 1886). Sprayngis, _sb. pl._ sprinklings, S3. See Sprengen. Spreden, _v._ to spread, PP, S, S2; spradde, _pt. s._, C2; spredd, _pp._, S; sprad, C; y-sprad, C2.—AS. _sprǽdan_. Spreit, _sb._ spirit, S3; spyryte, Prompt.—Lat. _spiritus_. Sprengen, _v._ to sprinkle, W, G; sprente, _pt. s._, S3; spreynten, _pl._, W2; spreynd, _pp._, S2, C2, C3, W; spreind, W; spreynt, W; y-spreynd, C.—AS. _sprengan_, causal of _springan_. Sprengen, _v._ to spring, to be diffused; sprent, _pt. s._, S3.—AS. _sprengan_, to spring (Sweet). Sprenkelin, _v._ to sprinkle, to dart, Prompt.; sprynkland, _pr. p._, darting in various directions (of fish in the water), S3. Spring, _sb._ a rod, sprig, PP; sprynge, P; sprenges, _pl._, W2. Springen, _v._ to spring, to arise, to dawn, PP, S, C2; sprynge, PP; sprenge, _pr. s. subj._, W; sprang, _pt. s._, S; sprong, S; sprungen, _pp._, S2; sprunge, S; sprongen, S3; spronge, C; i-sprunge, S. _Der._: springing, beginning, source, C2.—AS. _springan_, pt. _sprang_ (pl. _sprungon_), pp. _sprungen_. Springen, _v._ to make to spring, rouse; sprange, _pt. pl._, S3. See below. Springen, _v._ to sprinkle, C2; y-spronge, _pp._, S2. _Der._: springyng, sprinkling, W. See Sprengen. Sprutlyt, _pp._ speckled, S3. See SkD (s.v. _sprout_). Sprynkland; see Sprenkelin. Spurn, _sb._ a kick, S3. Spurnen, _v._ to kick, Prompt., C2, SkD; spurnde, _pt. s._, S2.—AS. _speornan_. Spuyle, _v._ to plunder, W; see Spoilen. Spuylis, _pl._ spoils, W; see Spoile. Spynke, _sb._ finch, _rostellus_, Voc.; spink, Cotg., JD, HD; spynk, S3 (s.v. _gold_). Cp. Gr. σπίγγος, and OF. _pinçon_ (BH), F. _pinson_. Spynnare, _sb._ spinner, spider, Prompt.; spinner, Sh., HD. Spynnen, _v._ to spin, Prompt. Spynstare, _sb._ a woman who spins, Prompt.; spynnester, PP; spinster, S2, PP, Sh. Spyrakle, _sb._ the breath of life, S2.—Lat. _spiraculum uitae_, Gen.