A Concise Dictionary of Middle English from A.D. 1150 to 1580 by Mayhew and Skeat

Un-rideli, _adv._ sharply, vehemently, roughly, S; unridly, fiercely, WA; see Uniredlice. Un-riȝt, _adj. sb._ injustice, wrong, S2; unryht, S; vnright, PP, S2; unriht, S.—AS. _un-riht_. Un-riȝtfulnesse, _sb._ unrighteousness, unlawfulness, W2; unrihtfulnesse, S. Un-riȝtwisnesse, _sb._ unrighteousness, W. Un-sad, _adj._ unsteady, C2. Un-sadnesse, _sb._ instability, W. Un-saht, _adj._ unreconciled, discontented, S2. Un-schape, _pp._ unshapen, outlandish, S2. Un-schutten, _v._ to open, SD; unschette, _pt. s._, SD; onschet, S3; vnshette, _pp._, S3. (Un- 2.) Un-scilwis, _adj._ unwise, H. Un-scilwisly, _adv._ unwisely, H. Un-sehelich, _adj._ invisible, S. Un-seill, _sb._ misfortune, B.—AS. _unsǽl_. Un-sele, _adj._ unhappy, S, S2. Un-selð, _sb._ unhappiness; unselðe, S; unnsellðe, S; unnseolðe, S.—AS. _un-sǽlð_. Un-sely, _adj._ unhappy, C2; vnceli, W. Un-sete, _sb._ unsettledness, S2. Un-skaþeful, _adj._ harmless; unnskaþefull, S. Un-skaþiȝnesse, _sb._ harmlessness, S. Un-skilful, _adj._ unreasonable, outrageous, unprofitable, PP; unschilful, S2. Un-slekked, _pp._ unslacked, C3. Un-soote, _adj._ unsweet, bitter, S3. Un-sounded, _pp._ unhealed, S3. Un-souerable, _adj._ insufferable, S3. Un-sowen, _v._ to slit open what has been sewn, PP; unsouwen, PP. (Un- 2.) Un-spedful, _adj._ unsuccessful, H; onschet, S3. Un-sperren, _v._ to unfasten, unbar, PP. (Un- 2.) Un-spurne, _v._ to kick open, S. (Un- 2.) Un-staðeluest, _adj._ without a firm foundation, S. Un-stedefast, _adj._ not firm in one’s place, unsteady, S, PP; unstudeueste, S.—AS. _unstedefæst_. Un-stirabil, _adj._ immovable, H. Un-strong, _adj._ feeble, S.—AS. _un-strang_. Un-suget, _pp._ not subject, W. Un-tellendlic, _adj._ indescribable, S. Un-þanc, _sb._ dislike; unþonkes, _gen._, S. _Phr._: hares unþances, against their will, S.—AS. _un-þanc_. Un-thende, small, out of season, PP, HD. Cf. Theen. Un-thewe, _sb._ immorality, S; un-þeu, S; unþewe, _dat._, S; unþewes, _pl._, S2.—AS. _un-þéaw_. Un-tholemodnes, _sb._ impatience, H. Un-þrift, _sb._ unprofitableness; unþryfte, S2. Un-thryftyly, _adv._ unprofitably, improperly, S2, C3. Un-tiffed, _pp._ unadorned, S. Until, _conj._, _prep._ until, unto, S2, PP, SkD; ontill, B. (Un- 3.) Un-tiled, _pp._ untilled, PP; untuled, S2. Un-to, _prep._ unto, SkD.—OS. _untó_ for _undt_ + _ó_; cp. OS. _unte_, until, Goth. _unte_, for, OHG. _unz_ (Tatian). (Un- 3.) Un-todealet, _pp._ undivided, S. (Un- 1.) Un-toheliche, _adv._ unrestrainedly, S. Un-tohen, _pp._ undisciplined, S; untowun, SkD (p. 695), untohe, S.—Cf. AS. _téon_. See Ten. Un-trewe, _adj._ untrue, not straight, S, PP, C2.—AS. _un-tréowe_. Un-trewnesse, _sb._ untruth, S. Un-trewthe, _sb._ untruth, C3. Un-trist, _sb._ disbelief, W. Un-vysible, _adj._ invisible, W. Un-war, _adj._ unexpected, unexpecting, SD, S2, C2, C3. Un-ware, _adv._ unwarily, S2. Un-warly, _adv._ at unawares, S3. Un-way, _sb._ wrong path, H. Un-weawed, _pp._ unveiled, S.—Cp. AS. _wǽfels_, a covering, veil. Un-welde, _adj._ impotent, weak, SD, S; vnweldy, S3, C3. Un-wemmed, _pp._ unstained, unspotted, S, S2, C3, W2; unwemmyd, W, H; unwemmet, S; unweommet, S.—AS. _un_(_ge_)_wemmed_. Un-werȝed, _pp._ unwearied; unwerget, S.—AS. _un_(_ge_)_wériged_. Un-wiht, _sb._ monster, an uncanny creature, evil spirit, S; unwiȝt, S; _adj._, S; unwiȝtes, _pl._, S. Un-wille, _sb._ unwillingness, displeasure, S. _Phr._: hire unwilles, against her will, S.—AS. _un-willa_. Un-willich, _adj._ unwilling, S. Un-wine, _sb._ enemy, S; unwines, _pl._, S. Un-wis, _adj._ unwise, S2.—AS. _un-wís_. Un-wisdom, _sb._ folly, W. Un-wist, _pp._ unknown, C. Un-wit, _sb._ want of wit, C3, H. Un-witti, _adj._ unwise, W. Un-wityng, _pr. p._ unknowing, C3. Un-wityng, _sb._ ignorance, W. Un-wiȝt, _adj._ uncanny, S. See Un-wiht. Un-worschip, _v._ to dishonour, W. Un-wrappen, _v._ to disclose, C2. (Un- 2.) Un-wrast, _adj._ infirm, weak, base, bad, S, PP; unwreast, S; unwraste, _pl._, S; unwreste, _dat. s._, S.—AS. _un-wrǽst_. Un-wrenc, _sb._ evil design; unwrenche, _dat._, S.—AS. _unwrenc_. Un-wréon, _v._ to discover, to reveal, SD; unwreo, S; unwroȝen, S; unwroȝe, S.—AS. _un-wréon_. (Un- 2.) Un-wrien, _v._ to uncover, SD; _pp._, S.—From AS. _wríhan_. (Un- 2.) Un-wunne, _sb._ sadness, S, SD; unwinne, S; unwenne, S. Un-wurð, _adj._ unworthy, S; unwurðe, _pl._, S; unwurðere, _comp._, S; unwurðeste, _superl._, S.—AS. _un-wurð_. Un-wurði, _adj._ unworthy, S, SD; onwurþi, Prompt. Un-wurðlich, _adj._ unworthy, base; unworþelych, S2; unwurðliche, _adv._, S.—AS. _un-wurðlic_, _-lice_. Un-yliche, _adj._ unlike, S; unilich, S.—AS. _un-gelíc_. Un-yqueme, _adj._ displeasing, S. See Un-cweme, Icweme. Up, _adv. and prep._ up, S2, S3, G; op, S, S2. _Phr._: up so doun, upside down, C, C3, W, PP; up se doun, W, W2; up soo doune, S3.—AS. _up_, _upp_; cp. OHG. _úf_ (Otfrid). Up-braiding, _sb._ reproach, S2. Up-breiden, _v._ to reproach, S, W. Up-breyd, _sb._ reproach, S2. Up-cumen, _v._ to ascend; uppcumenn, S. Up-heuen, _v._ to raise, S2; uphaf, _pt. s._, C; uphouen, _pp._, S2; upe-houen, S2. Up-holdere, _sb._ seller of second-hand things, P. Up-londisch, _adj._ rustic, countrified, S2; oplondysch, S2. Vppe, _adv._ up, PP, S; upe, S, S2; ope, S2. Vppon, _prep._ upon, PP; uppen, S; apon, S2. _Phr._: vpon lofte, above, S2. Up-right, _adv._ on one’s back, C, C2; upryghte, C2. Up-risen, _v._ to rise up; up-rist, _pr. s._ CM. Up-risinge, _sb._ resurrection, S2. Up-rist, _sb._ rising, SD, S3; upriste, _dat._, S, C. Up-set, _pp._ set up, S2. Up-sterten, _v._ to start up; upsterte, _pt. s._, S2, C. Up-stiȝe, _sb._ ascension, S. Up-stiȝen, _v._ to ascend, SD; upsteghes, _pr. pl._, S2; upstegh, _pt. s._, S2. Up-stowr, _v._ to be stirred up, S3. Up-take, _v._ to take up, receive; uptoke, _pt. s._, S2. Up-ward, _adv._ upward; uppard, S. Up-warp, _v._ to throw up, S3. Up-wauen, _v._ to move upward with an undulating motion; up-wafte, _pt. pl._, S2. Up-ȝelden, _v._ to deliver up, S2. Vrchun, _sb._ hedghog, H; see Irchon. Ure, _sb._ practice, work, operation, ND, Manip., SkD.—OF. _eure_, _uevre_; Lat. _ŏpera_. Ure, _sb._ fate, luck, good luck, B, CM.—OF. _eur_, _eür_: Prov. _agur_; Late Lat. *_agurium_ for Lat. _augurium_; see BH, § 27. Urnen, _v._ to run, S; see Rennen. Urre, _sb._ anger, S; see Eorre. Urþe (written Vrþe), _sb._ earth, S2; see Erthe. Usage, _sb._ custom, C2, C3.—AF. _usage_. Usaunce, _sb._ custom, HD, CM.—OF. _usance_ (Cotg.). Use, _sb._ use, usury, HD; us, S2, SD; vce, S3; oyss, B.—AF. _us_; Lat. _usum_. Usen, _v._ to use, to be accustomed, PP, S3, C2; usede, _pt. s._, SD, PP; usiden, _pl._, dealt with, W; yvsed, _pp._, S2; uset, customary, PP; used, C3; vsyt, S3; oysit, B; wsyt, S3.—AF. _user_. Ussher, _sb._ usher, door-keeper, C2, SkD; uschere, Prompt.; usshere, PP.—AF. _ussher_, _usser_, OF. _ussier_; Lat. _ostiarium_, door-keeper, from _ostium_, door. Usure, _sb._ usury, C2, P; vsuris, _pl._, W.—AF. _usure_; Lat. _usura_. Utas, _sb._ the octave of a festival, HD, ND, SkD, Palsg.—AF. _utaves_; Lat. _octavas_. For the _s_ = _v’s_ cp. in Old French _vis_ = _vivus_ (BH). Ute, _adv._ out, S.—AS. _úte_. Uten, _prep._ away from, S.—AS. _útan_; cp. Goth. _utana_. Uthe, _sb._ wave, S; yþez, _pl._, S2, HD.—AS. _ýð_: Lat. _unda_. Ut-laȝe, _sb._ outlaw, S.—Icel. _útlaga_, outlawed, _útlagi_, an outlaw. See Out-lawe. Uttring, _sb._ circulating, S3. See Outren. Uȝten, _sb._ early morning, S; see Uhte. V U (consonant). For some words of Teutonic origin beginning with V, see F; see also in some cases W. Vacherye, _sb._ a dairy, Prompt.—OF. _vacherie_, a cow-house (Cotg.); Late Lat. _vaccaria_, from Lat. _uacca_, a cow. Vader, _sb._ father, S, S2; see Fader. Uæin, _adj._ fain, S; see Fayn. Uair, _adj._ fair, S2; see Fayr. Uale, _adj._ many, S; see Fele. Vale, _sb._ vale, PP.—AF. _val_; Lat. _vallem_. Valè, _sb._ valley, S2, B; valeie, S2; valeye, PP; valayis, _pl._, B.—OF. _valee_; cp. It. _vallata_. Vale, _v._ to descend, S3.—Cp. OF. _avaler_, to descend. Cf. Aualen. Valuwen, _v._ to become yellow, S; see Falwe. Vampies, Vampett; see Vaumpe. Vane, _sb._ a vane, C2; see Fane. Vanishen, _v._ to vanish, C2; vanshe, Voc.; vanshede, _pt. s._, PP; vanyschiden, _pl._, became vain, W; vanyssht, _pp._, S2.—Cp. OF. _esvanuïss-_, base of pr. p. of _esvanuïr_; Lat. _ex_ + _uanescere_, from _uanus_. Vant, _v._ to vaunt, WA.—OF. _vanter_; Late Lat. _vanitare_, from Lat. _uanus_. Vantwarde, _sb._ vanguard, S2; see Vauntwarde. Uaren, _v._ to fare, S; see Faren. Variaunt, _adj._ changing, fickle, C2. Varien, _v._ to vary, Prompt.; wariande, _pr. p._, S2; variand, S2, S3; variant, S3.—AF. _varier_; Lat. _uariare_. Varlet, _sb._ a young vassal, servant, squire, SkD, Sh.; _verna_, Manip.; verlet, S3.—OF. _varlet_, _vaslet_, dimin. of _vassal_. See below. Vassal, _sb._ a servant, subject.—AF. _vassal_; Low Lat. _vassallum_ (acc.), from _vassus_, a man, a subject (of Celtic origin); cp. Wel. _gwas_, a youth, servant. Vassalage, _sb._ good service, prowess in arms, courage, B; vasselage, C, CM.—AF. _vasselage_ (Roland). Vath, _sb._ danger, B.—Icel. _váði_. Vath, _interj._ fie! (= _vah_), W. Uaumpe, _sb._ the fore part of the foot, the vamp, Prompt., S; vampies, ND; wampe, _pedana_, _pedium_, _ante pedale_, Voc.; wampay, _pedana_, Voc.; vauntpe, Palsg.; vampett, Cath.—OF. _uantpie_ (Palsg.), _avant-pied_, the fore part of the foot (Cotg.). Vaunte, _sb._ a boast, WA. See Vant. Vaunten, _v._ to vault, S3; vant, S3 (s.v. _vaut_). Probably for _vauut_, _vaut_. Vauntwarde, _sb._ vanguard, PP; vantwarde, S2; vaward, B, WA.—AF. _avaunt-garde_, OF. _avantwarde_, _avantgarde_. Vauntynge, _sb._ vaulting, S3. Vavasour, _sb._ a sub-vassal, C, HD.—AF. _vavasour_; OF. _vavassor_, a gen. pl. form, see Bartsch, p. 500; Low Lat. _vassus vassorum_, vassal of vassals (Diez, p. 338). Vaylen, _v._ to avail; vaille, PP; vayleth, _pr. s._, S3; vayls, H. See Auailen. Vayn, _sb._ vein, S3; see Veyne. Ueale, _adj._ many, S; see Uele. Ueat, _sb._ vessel, S; see Fat. Veaw, _adj._ few, S2; see Fewe. Veder, _sb._ father, S; see Fader. Veel, _sb._ veal, SkD; veale, calf, Manip.; veal, Manip.; veilys, _pl._, calves, S3.—OF. _veël_ (Ps. 28. 6): Prov. _vedel_; Lat. _uitellum_ (acc.). Veer-tyme, _sb._ spring-time, W2. See Ver. Veille, _sb._ watcher, P; veil, PP.—OF. _veile_; Lat. _uigilia_, a vigil, a watch. Ueir, _adj._ fair, MD; see Fayre. Ueir, _sb._ beauty, S. See above. Vekke, _sb._ an old woman, CM. Uelaȝ-rede, _sb._ fellowship, S2; see Felawrede. Uele, _adj._ many, S, S2; ueole, S; ueale, S; see Fele. Uelen, _v._ to feel, MD; see Felen. Veluet, _sb._ velvet, _sericum villosum_, Manip., Prompt.; velwet, Prompt.; velouette, C2; vellet, HD.—It. _veluto_ (Florio); Late Lat. *_villutum_; from Lat. _uillus_, shaggy hair; cf. OF. _velu_, shaggy (Cotg.). Vendage, _sb._ vintage, PP.—OF. _vendange_; Lat. _uindēmia_; see BH, § 167. Venerie, _sb._ hunting, C; venery, game, DG.—OF. _venerie_ (Cotg.), from _vener_, to hunt; Lat. _uenari_. Venesoun, _sb._ venison, P, Voc.; venysoun, PP.—AF. _venesoun_, _venysoun_, OF. _venison_; Lat. _uenationem_, hunting, see Apfelstedt (Introd. xxx), BH, § 28. Venge, _v._ to avenge, PP, ND, W; wenge, S2; vengide, _pt. s._, W.—OF. _venger_, _vengier_; Lat. _uindicare_. Vengeable, _adj._ full of vengeance, S3, ND. Vengeaunce, _sb._ vengeance, PP; vengance, WA; veniaunce, PP, W, W2; vengeans, B; veniauncis, _pl._, W.—OF. _venjance_ (BH). Uenie, _sb._ supplication for pardon on one’s knees, S.—Church Lat. _venia_ (Ducange). Venkisen, _v._ to vanquish, PP; vencuss, B; venkquyst, _pt. s._, S2; venquysshed, _pp._, S2, C3; venkised, PP; vencust, B.—AF. _venquiss-_, base of pr. p. of _venquir_, an inchoative form of OF. _veincre_; Lat. _uincere_. Uenne, _sb. dat._ mud, S; see Fen. Ventose, _sb._ cupping-glass.—OF. _ventose_ (_ventouse_), cupping-glass (Cotg.); Late Lat. _uentosa_. Ventouse, _v._ to cup, HD.—OF. _ventouser_ (BH). Ventusynge, _sb._ cupping, C. Venust, _adj._ beautiful, S3.—Lat. _uenustus_. Venym, _sb._ poison, PP, C; venim, C2, C3, PP, Manip.—OF. _venin_ (Ps. 139, 3). Lat. _uenēnum_; see BH, § 44. Venym-makere, _sb._ poisoner, W2, H. Venymous, _adj._ venomous, CM.—AF. _venymouse_, OF. _venemouse_. Venymous-heede, _sb._ venom, PP. Ueole, _adj._ many, S; see Uele. Ueond, _sb._ enemy, S; see Feend. Ueor, _adv._ far, S; see Fer. Ver, _sb._ spring, JD, H (Ps. 73. 18). _Comb._: veer-tyme, spring-time, W2.—Lat. _uer_. Ver, _sb._ glass, W2; verre, HD.—OF. _verre_ (_voirre_); Lat. _uitrum_. Uerd, _sb._ army, MD; uerden, _pl. dat._, S; see Ferd. Uerden, _pt. pl._ fared, S; see Faren. Verdegrese, _sb._ verdigris, PP; verdegrece, _viride grecum_, Voc.; verdegrees, C3.—OF. _vert de gris_, verdigrease (Cotg.); OF. _Gris_, Greeks (Ducange), pl. of _gri_; Late Lat. _grĕcum_; Lat. _graecum_; see Constans, Notes, p. 25, and BH, § 32. Verdite, _sb._ verdict, C; verdyte, Palsg.—AF. _veirdit_; Lat. _uere dictum_. Uere, _sb._ companion, S; see Fere. Vergere, _sb._ an orchard, CM.—OF. _vergier_ (BH); Late Lat. _viridiarium_; see BH, § 134. Verlet, _sb._ a young servant, S3; see Varlet. Vermel, _adj._ vermilion-coloured, S3; vermayle, CM.—OF. _vermeil_; Lat. _uermiculus_, scarlet (Vulg.). Vermiloun, _sb._ vermilion; vermyloun, Voc.; vermylion, WA; vermeon, WA.—AF. _vermiloun_. Vernage, _sb._ an Italian white wine, Prompt., CM, HD.—AF. _vernage_; It. _vernaccia_, ‘a kind of winter wine in Italy very strong like Malmezy,’ so Florio, cp. Dante, Purg. 24, 24; from It. _vernaccio_, a severe winter, from _verno_, winter; Lat. _hibernum_, belonging to winter. Cp. Low Lat. _vernachia_ (Ducange). Vernicle, _sb._ a copy of the handkerchief of St. Veronica, S2, PP, C; vernakylle, Cath.; vernacle, HD.—Church Lat. _veronicula_, also _veronica_ from _Veronica_, the traditional name of the woman who wiped the Saviour’s face (the word being popularly connected with _uera icon_, true likeness); _Veronica_ is a form of Bernice, the traditional name of the woman who was cured of an issue of blood. _Bernice_ or _Berenice_ is a Macedonian form of Φερενίκη, bearer of victory. See F. _veronique_ in Cotg. Vernisch, _sb._ varnish, S2, PP; vernysche, Prompt.; vernysh, _bernix_, Voc.; _viridium_, _virificum_, Voc.; vernish, _encaustum_, Manip.—OF. _vernis_, varnish, Cotg.; from OF. _vernir_; Late Lat. *_vitrinire_, from _uitrinus_, from _uitrum_, glass (Diez, p. 339). Vernish, _v. encaustare_, Manip.—OF. _vernisser_, to varnish, to sleek, or glaze over with varnish (Cotg.). Verony, _sb._ a vernacle, HD.—OF. _veronie_; Low Lat. _veronica_ (Ducange). See Vernicle. Verraily, _adv._ verily, C2, C; verralyest, _superl._, H. Verray, _adj._ true, S, S2, C2, C3, B; verrey, G, HD; very, W. _Phr._: verray force, main force, C2.—AF. _verrai_, _verai_; Late Lat. *_verăcum_ (whence F. _vrai_), from Lat. _uerus_. Verrayment, _adv._ verily, C2; verament, S3, HD. Vers, _sb._ verse, PP.—AF. _vers_; Lat. _uersus_. Versifie, _v._ to compose verses, PP. Versifyour, _sb._ versifier; vercefyour, S2. Vertu, _sb._ power, healing power, miracle, virtue, kindness, S2, PP, W, C2; vertues, _pl._, S2. _Phr._: the Lord of vertues, the Lord of hosts, W2, H.—OF. _vertu_, _virtud_; Lat. _uirtutem_. Verveine, _sb._ vervain, SkD; verueyne, S2; verveyn, Voc.—OF. _verveine_; Lat. _uerbēna_; see BH, § 44. Very, _adj._ true, W; see Verray. Vese, _v._ to drive away, HD; see Fesien. Vese, _sb._ a rush of wind, C.—Cp. Icel. _fýsi_, impulse. See above. Vestiment, _sb._ vestment, C2; uestimenz, _pl._, S, C.—OF. _vestiment_ (Bartsch); Lat. _uestimentum_. Vewe, _adj._ few, S2; see Fewe. Veyne, _sb._ vein, C; veine, SkD; vaine, S3; vayn, S3; vanys, _pl._, S2; waynys, S3.—AF. _veine_; Lat. _uēna_; see BH, § 44. Viage, _sb._ voyage, journey, S2, S3, C, C3, CM, B; vyage, S2.—OF. _viage_, (BH); Lat. _uiaticum_, provisions for a journey, from _uia_. Vicarie, _sb._ vicar, PP; vicary, C2; vicorie, PP; vikery, PP; vickery, PP; vecory, Voc.—AF. _vicaire_ (F. _viquier_); Lat. _uicarium_, a substitute. Vilanye, _sb._ villainy, C2, C3, PP; villanie, _violentia_, Manip.; vilonye, disgrace, G.—AF. _vilanie_, OF. _vilenie_ (_vilonie_), from _vilain_, peasant, farm-servant, also bad, villainous (BH); Late Lat. _villanus_, farm-servant, from Lat. _uilla_, farm-stead, country-house. Vile, _adj._ vile; vyle, PP; vil, PP.—AF. _vil_; Lat. _uilem_. Villiche, _adv._ vilely, S2. Vilte, _sb._ vileness, H (Ps. 49. 22); vylte, HD; vilete, HD.—OF. _vilté_; Lat. _uilitatem_. Viole, _v._ to violate; violid, _pp._, S3.—OF. _violer_; Lat. _uiolare_. Viole, _sb._ vial; violis, _pl._, W (Rev. 5. 8); violes, C3.—OF. _viole_; AF. _fyole_; Lat. _phiala_; Gr. φιάλη. Virelay, _sb._ a sort of rondeau, ND; virelayes, _pi._, S3, CM; virolais, HD.—OF. _virelay_ (Cotg.); OF. _virer_ + _lai_; OF. _virer_; Late Lat. _virare_; Lat. _uibrare_ (Diez, p. 736). Cf. Vyre. Visage, _sb._ face, PP, C2; vysege, S2.—AF. _visage_; Late Lat. *_visaticum_, from Lat. _uisum_, acc. of _uisus_, sight. Vitaille, _sb._ food, S2, C2, C3; vitaile, PP, WW; vitayle, S3; victual, WW; vitalis, _pl._, B.—AF. _vitaille_; Lat. _uictuālia_, provisions; see BH, § 6. Vitailled, _pp._ provisioned, C3; vitailid, W. Vitailler, _sb._ victualler, PP; vittelleris, _pi._, foragers, B. Vitremyte, _sb._ woman’s cap, C2.—Lat. _uitream mitram_, glass head-dress (?). Cp. Sp. _mitra_, a sort of cap made of pasteboard, which was put on the heads of witches when led to punishment (Stevens). For the loss of _r_ in _-myte_ cp. F. _marte_ for _martre_, a marten, also OF. _feneste_ for _fenestre_, and _terreste_ for _terrestre_; see Apfelstedt (p. xxxviii). Voide, _adj._ void, empty, W2.—AF. _voide_ (F. _vide_), OF. _vuide_, fem. of _vuit_; Late Lat. *_vocitum_, from stem _voc-_; [cp. Lat. _uacare_; see BH, § 63, and Constans (s.v. _vuit_).—A. L. M.] Voiden, _v._ to empty; voyden, to get rid of, C2; to expel, C; voidis, _pr. s._, S3; voyde, _imp. pl._, make room, S3; depart from, C2; voydeth, send away, C3; voyded, _pt. s._, S2; voidid, _pp._, made void, W.—AF. _voider_, to leave, OF. _vuidier_ (Bartsch). See above. Vokyte, _sb._ an advocate, Voc.; vocates, _pl._, PP.—Lat. _aduocatus_. Volage, _adj._ light of conduct, giddy, CM.—OF. _volage_, light (BH); Lat. _uolaticum_. Volageouss, _adj._ light of conduct, B. See above. Volatilis, _sb. pl._ birds (a misrendering of Lat. _altilia_). W; so in the AS. version _altilia_ is rendered by ‘fugelas’; birds (= Lat. _uolatilia_), W2; volatils, HD.—Lat. _uolatilia_, poultry (hence F. _volaille_), pl. of _uolatilis_ (Voc.); from _uolare_, to fly. Voluntè, _sb._ will, CM.—OF. _volonta_, _voluntet_; Lat. _uoluntatem_. Voluper, _sb._ a woman’s cap, CM; volyper, Cath.—Cp. OF. _envoluper_, to wrap round (BH). Vouches, _pr. s._ avouches, S3; see Vowchen. Vow, _sb._ vow, PP; vowes, _pl._, PP; vouwes, S2.—OF. _vou_ (Ps. 21); Lat. _uotum_. Cf. Auowe (p. 18). Vowchen, _v._ to vouch, cite, call, HD; vouchen, to avouch, S3. _Phr._: vouchen saf, to guarantee, vouchsafe, PP, HD; vouche sauf, C2.—AF. _voucher_, _vocher_; Lat. _uocare_; see BH, § 96. Vowtres, _sb. pl._ vultures, WA.—OF. _voutre_; Lat. _uultur_. Vowtriere, _sb._ adultress, WA. See Avoutrie. Voys, _sb._ voice, S2, S3, C2, C3; woice, S2; voce, B; vois, PP.—OF. _vois_; Lat. _uōcem_; see BH, § 74. Vyne, _sb._ vine, PP. Vyner, _sb._ vineyard, W2; vynere, H; vyneris, _pl._, W2; vyners, H.—OF. _vinier_ (BH); Late Lat. _vinarium_, vineyard, from Lat. _uinum_, wine. Vyner, _sb._ vine-dresser, Manip.—OF. _vinier_ (Ducange); Late Lat. _vinarium_ (acc.). Vynour, _sb._ vine-dresser, Bardsley.—OF. _vineür_; Lat. _uinitorem_. Vyre, _sb._ a crossbow-bolt, B.—OF. _vire_ (Ducange). Cf. Virelay. Wa-We. Wa, _sb._ woe, WA, B; waa, WA, HD; see Wo. Wa, _pron._ who, S; see Who. Waast, _sb._ waist, C2; see Waste. Wacche, _sb._ vigil, watch, PP, HD; wecche, S; wach, one who keeps a lookout; wecche, _pl._, S; wecchess, S; wacchis, WA; wachis, sentinels, S3.—AS. _wæcce_. Wacchen, _v._ to watch, SkD; vachit, _pp._, S2.—AS. _wacian_. Wachet, _sb._ a sort of blue cloth, CM. See Philolog. Soc. Trans. 1885, p. 329. Waden, _v._ to wade, PP; vayd, S2. _Der._: vading, wading, S2.—AS. _wadan_, pt. s. _wód_, pp. _gewaden_. Wæs, _imp. s._ be, S, _Comb._: wæs hail, be hale, S; wæs hæil, S; wassail, S; wassayl, S.—ONorth. _wæs_, AS. _wes_, imp. s. of _wesan_, to be. Wæs, _pt. s._ was, S; see Was. Waff, _v._ to waft, lift up, raise, bear, SkD, JD; wafte, _pt. s._, S2.—Icel. _váfa_, to wave, vibrate. Wafre, _sb._ a thin small cake, wafer, CM, PP; wafur, Prompt., Voc.—AF. _wafre_ (F. _gaufre_); ODutch _wafel_ (see Kilian); cp. OHG. _waba_, honey-comb (Tatian); see Weigand (s.v. _waffel_). Wafrere, _sb._ a maker of wafer-cakes, confectioner, PP; wafereres, _pl._, C3. Wafrestre, _sb._ a female maker or seller of wafer-cakes, PP. Wage, _sb._ a gage, pledge, pay for service, WA, Prompt.; wages, _pl._, PP.—AF. _wage_, _gage_; Low Lat. _wadium_, a pledge; Goth. _wadi_; cp. Lat. _uas_ (_uadi-_). Cf. Wed. Wagen, _v._ to engage, to go bail, P, Prompt.—OF. _gagier_; Low. Lat. _wadiare_, from _wadium_. See above. Waggen, _v._ to shake to and fro, Prompt., CM, PP; waggid, _pp._, W. Waghe, _sb._ wall, H; wah, S; see Wowe. Waille, _v._ to wail, C2; see Weilen. Wait, _pr. s._ knows, S3; see Witen (1). Waith, _sb._ danger, peril, B, JD; wathe, WA; vath, B.—Icel. _váði_. Waith, _v._ to hunt, fish.—Icel. _veiða_, to catch, hunt; cp. AS. _wǽðan_, to hunt, to wander (Grein). Related to F. _gagner_ (see Brachet). See Gaignage. Waith, _sb._ game, sport, a ‘take,’ S3, JD.—Icel. _veiðr_; cp. OHG. _weida_ (Otfrid), see Weigand (s.v. _weide_). Waithing, _sb._ what is taken in hunting or fishing, JD, S3. Wak, _adj._ wet, moist, S3, SkD (s.v. _wake_). _Der._: waknes, moistness, JD.—Cp. Du. _wak_, Icel. _vökr_; cp. Icel. _vök_ (_vaka-_), a hole in ice. Wake, _sb._ a watch, _vigilia_, Cath. _Comb._: wakepleyes, ceremonies attending the vigils for the dead, C. Waken, _v._ to be awake, to wake, cease from sleep, S, PP, S2; woc, _pt. s._, S; wok, S; wook, S2, C3.—AS. _wacan_, pt. _wóc_, pp. _wacen_. Wakien, _v._ to watch, to awake, S, PP; waky, S2; wakede, _pt. s._, S, PP; waked, _pp._, S.—AS. _wacian_, pt. _wacede_. Waking, _sb._ a watch, S2, C2; wakynge, W. Waknen, _v._ to be aroused from sleep, SkD, PP.—AS. _wæcnan_. Wal, _sb._ wall, _murus_, _paries_, Prompt., S, S2, C2; wall (= Lat. _maceria_), H, WA; walles, _pl._, S; wallen, S.—AS. _weall_, wall, rampart; Lat. _uallum_. Wald, _sb._ wold, wood, WA.—AS. _weald_; cp. OHG. _wald_. Wald-eȝed, _adj._ wall-eyed, WA.—Icel. _vald-eygðr_. Wale, _v._ to choose, WA.—Cp. Goth. _waljan_. Walette, _sb._ bag, wallet, Prompt.; walet, C.—Perhaps a corruption of Watel; see SkD. Walk (Valk), _v._ to watch, S2, S3, B.—So written for _wakk_ (_vakk_). See Wakien. Walke, _sb._ a walk, WA. Walken, _v._ to roll, walk, S; welk, _pt. s._, SkD; welke, HD; walke, _pp._, S. Wallare, _sb._ stone-mason, _murator_, Prompt. See Wal. Walle, _sb._ a spring of water, HD. _Comb._: walle-heued, a springhead, S2. Wallen, _v._ to boil, to well, to turn about, S, S2, PP; weallen, S. _Comb._: wal-hat, boiling hot, S. _Der._: wally, surging, S3.—AS. _weallan_, pt. _wéol_, pp. _weallen_. Walme, _sb._ a bubble in boiling, HD. Walshe, _adj._ and _sb._ foreign, a foreigner, Welshman, P. _Comb._: walshe note, walnut, CM.—AS. _wælisc_, foreign, Welsh (SkD); from _wealh_, a foreigner, a Welshman. Walt, _pt. s._ possessed, S2; see Welden. Walten, _v._ to roll, to roll over, overturn, to fall, to well out, S2; welt, _pt. s._, SkD (s.v. _welter_); welte, HD; walt, S2.—AS. _wealtan_. Walter, _sb._ water, S3; see Water. Walteren, _v._ to roll about, welter, S2, S3, PP; weltyn, Prompt. _Der._: waltrynge, a weltering, Prompt.; weltering, a turning over, S3. Walwen, _v._ to roll, CM, PP; welwyn, Prompt.; walowand, _pr. p._, WA; walewide, _pt. s._, W.—AS. _wealwian_: Goth. _walwjan_ (in compounds). Walwyng, _sb._ a rolling, W. Wambe, _sb._ belly, womb, WA; wame, WA. Wan, _adj._ wan, pale, C3, W; wanne, Prompt.; won, S2. _Comb._: wannesse, lividness (= Lat. _liuor_), W2.—AS. _wann_ (_wonn_). Wan-, _prefix_, expressing lack, deficiency. _Comb._: wan-beleue, _perfidia_, Prompt.; wan-hope, despair, S2, C, P, H, Voc.; wan-towen, untrained, wanton; wantown, C; wantoun, C2; wanton, WA; wantowe, Prompt.; wanton-nes, want of discretion, S3; wantownesse, C; wan-truce, fail, failure, S; wan-trukien, to fail, SD; wan-trokiynge, abatement, S2; wan-trust, distrust, CM.—Cp. Du. _wan-_, prefix. Wand, _sb._ a rod (= Lat. _uirga_), H (Ps. 109. 3), WA; wande, H (Ps.