The Travels of Marco Polo — Volume 1 by Marco Polo and da Pisa Rusticiano
352. Seljukian Coin, with the LION and the SUN (A.H. 640). After
_Marsden’s Numismata Orientalia_, No. 98. Engraved by ADENEY.
Chapters
- Chapter 1 Ch.1
- episode, which was afterwards published as a coloured lithograph by Ch.2
- 1864. From this point, Yule made a very interesting excursion to the Ch.3
- introduction and notes to Wood’s _Journey_. Soon after his return to Ch.4
- 1890. Amongst those present were witnesses of every stage of his Ch.5
- 1886. Signed M. P. V.) Ch.6
- 27. Some details of 13th-Century Galleys. 28. Fighting Ch.7
- 32. Battle in Bay of Ayas in 1294. 33. Lamba Doria’s Ch.8
- 67. His true claims to glory. 68. His personal attributes Ch.9
- 76. Contemporary References to Polo. T. de Cepoy; Pipino; Ch.10
- introduction of Block-printed Books into Europe by Marco Polo Ch.11
- introduction in the Age following Polo’s. Ch.12
- PROLOGUE. Ch.13
- 3. _Alau Lord of the Levant (i.e. |Hulaku|)._ 4. Ch.14
- 3. _Religious Indifference of the Mongol Princes._ Ch.15
- 2. _Negropont._ 3. _Mark’s age._ Ch.16
- 2. _Ramusio’s addition._ 3. _Nature of Marco’s Ch.17
- 2. _The Lady Bolgana._ 3. _Passage from Ramusio._ Ch.18
- 5. _Mortality among the party._ 6. _The Lady Cocachin Ch.19
- 5. _Goshawks._ 6. _Fish Miracle._ 7. _Sea of Ghel Ch.20
- 4. _The_ Torizi. 5. _Character of City and People._ Ch.21
- 3. _|Ondanique| or Indian Steel._ 4. _Manufactures of Ch.22
- 7. _Second Route between Hormuz and Kerman._ Ch.23
- 8. _Repeated devastation of the Country from War._ 9. Ch.24
- 3. _Khotan._ Ch.25
- 4. _Prester John._ Ch.26
- 4. _The five species of Crane described by Polo._ 5. Ch.27
- 3. _Leopards._ 4. _The Bamboo Palace. Uses of the Ch.28
- 6. _The White Horses. The Oirad Tribe._ 7. _The Ch.29
- PART I. Ch.30
- 4. _Nayan and his true relationship to Kúblái._ Ch.31
- 8. _Wide diffusion of the kind of Palace here Ch.32
- 12. “Roze de l’açur.” 13. _The Green Mount._ 14. Ch.33
- 7. _Addition from Ramusio._ Ch.34
- 3. _The Buffet of Liquors._ 4. _The superstition of Ch.35
- 3. _Tame Lions._ Ch.36
- 7. _The Kaan’s Great Tents._ 8. _The Sable and Ch.37
- 4. _Politeness._ 5. _Filial Piety._ 6. _Pocket Ch.38
- 1. Marco Polo’s Itineraries, No. I. WESTERN ASIA. This includes Ch.39
- 4. Plan of part of the remains of the same city. Reduced from a Ch.40
- 41. Plan of position of DILÁWAR, the supposed site of the Dilavar Ch.41
- 114. Marco Polo’s Itineraries, No. II. Routes between KERMAN and Ch.42
- 178. Marco Polo’s Itineraries, No. III. Regions on and near the Ch.43
- 305. Heading, in the old Chinese seal-character, of an INSCRIPTION Ch.44
- 319. The CHO-KHANG. The grand Temple of Buddha at _Lhasa_, from _The Ch.45
- 352. “_Table d’Or de Commandement_;” the PAÏZA of the MONGOLS, from Ch.46
- 355. Second Example of a Mongol Païza with superscription in the Ch.47
- 426. BANK-NOTE of the MING Dynasty, on one-half the scale of the Ch.48
- 454. Observatory Instruments of the Jesuits. All these from Ch.49
- PROLOGUE. Ch.50
- 3. Remains of the Castle of SOLDAIA or Sudák. After _Dubois de Ch.51
- 7. Ruins of BOLGHAR. After _Demidoff, Voyage dans la Russie Ch.52
- 15. The GREAT KAAN delivering a GOLDEN TABLET to the two elder Ch.53
- 18. Plan of ACRE as it was when lost (A.D. 1291). Reduced and Ch.54
- 21. Portrait of Pope GREGORY X. After _J. B. de Cavaleriis Ch.55
- 37. Ancient CHINESE WAR VESSEL. From the Chinese Encyclopædia Ch.56
- 42. Coin of King HETUM I. and Queen ISABEL of Cilician Armenia. Ch.57
- 51. Mediæval GEORGIAN FORTRESS. From a drawing by Padre CRISTOFORO Ch.58
- 55. View of DERBEND. After a cut from a drawing by M. Moynet in the Ch.59
- 61. Coin of BADRUDDÍN LOLO of Mosul (A.H. 620). After _Marsden’s Ch.60
- 76. GHÁZÁN Khan’s Mosque at TABRIZ. Borrowed from _Fergusson’s Ch.61
- 95. KASHMIR SCARF with animals, etc. After photograph from the Ch.62
- 100. Humped Oxen from the Assyrian Sculptures at Kouyunjik. From Ch.63
- 102. Portrait of a Hazára. From a Photograph, kindly taken for the Ch.64
- 118. Ages. 7 figures, viz., No. 1, The Navicella of Giotto in Ch.65
- 134. The _ARBRE SEC_, and _ARBRES DU SOLEIL ET DE LA LUNE_. From Ch.66
- 137. The CHINÁR or Oriental Plane, viz., that called the Tree of Ch.67
- 147. Portrait of H. H. AGHA KHÁN MEHELÁTI, late representative of Ch.68
- 159. Ancient SILVER PATERA of debased Greek Art, formerly in the Ch.69
- 167. Ancient BUDDHIST Temple at Pandrethan in KÁSHMIR. Borrowed from Ch.70
- 176. Horns of the _OVIS POLI_, or Great Sheep of Pamir. Drawn by Ch.71
- 177. Figure of the _OVIS POLI_ or Great Sheep of Pamir. From a Ch.72
- 180. Head of a native of KASHGAR. After Verchaguine. From the _Tour Ch.73
- 184. View of SAMARKAND. From a Sketch by Mr. D. IVANOFF, engraved Ch.74
- 221. Colossal Figure; BUDDHA entering NIRVANA. Sketched by the Ch.75
- 222. Great LAMA MONASTERY, viz., that at Jehol. After _Staunton’s Ch.76
- 224. The _Kyang_, or WILD ASS of Mongolia. After a plate by Wolf in Ch.77
- 230. Entrance to the Erdeni Tso, Great Temple. From MARCEL MONNIER’S Ch.78
- 244. Death of Chinghiz Khan. From a Miniature in the _Livre des Ch.79
- 253. Dressing up a Tent, from MARCEL MONNIER’S _Tour d’Asie_, by Ch.80
- 255. Mediæval TARTAR HUTS and WAGGONS. Drawn by Sig. QUINTO CENNI, Ch.81
- 258. Tartar IDOLS and KUMIS Churn. Drawn by the Editor after data in Ch.82
- 273. The _SYRRHAPTES PALLASII; Bargherlac_ of Marco Polo. From a Ch.83
- 280. REEVES’S PHEASANT. After an engraving in _Wood’s Illustrated Ch.84
- 293. The RAMPART of GOG and MAGOG. From a photograph of the Great Ch.85
- 307. A PAVILION at Yuen-Ming-Yuen, to illustrate the probable style Ch.86
- 317. CHINESE CONJURING Extraordinary. Extracted from an engraving in Ch.87
- 326. A TIBETAN BACSI. Sketched from the life by the Editor. Ch.88
- 340. NAKKARAS. From a Chinese original in the _Lois des Empereurs Ch.89
- 341. NAKKARAS. After one of the illustrations in Blochmann’s edition Ch.90
- 352. Seljukian Coin, with the LION and the SUN (A.H. 640). After Ch.91
- 355. Sculptured GERFALCON from the Gate of Iconium. Copied from Ch.92
- 357. Portrait of the Great KAAN KÚBLÁI. From a Chinese engraving in Ch.93
- 367. Ideal Plan of the Ancient Palaces of the Mongol Emperors at Ch.94
- 369. The WINTER PALACE at PEKING. Borrowed from _Fergusson’s History Ch.95
- 371. View of the “GREEN MOUNT.” From a photograph kindly lent to the Ch.96
- 373. The _Yüan ch’eng_. From a photograph kindly lent to the present Ch.97
- 376. South GATE of the “IMPERIAL CITY” at Peking. From an original Ch.98
- 399. The BÚRGÚT EAGLE. After _Atkinson’s Oriental and Western Ch.99
- 409. The TENTS of the EMPEROR K’ien-lung. From a drawing in the Ch.100
- 413. Plain of CAMBALUC; the City in the distance; from the hills Ch.101
- 458. The Great TEMPLE OF HEAVEN at Peking. From _Michie’s Siberian Ch.102
- 463. MARBLE ARCHWAY erected under the MONGOL DYNASTY at Kiu-Yong Ch.103
- 1. With all the intrinsic interest of Marco Polo’s Book it may perhaps Ch.104
- 2. The first person who attempted to gather and string the facts of Ch.105
- 3. “Howbeit, during the last hundred years, persons acquainted Ch.106
- 4. Ramusio, then, after a brief apologetic parallel of the marvels Ch.107
- prologue of Marco Polo’s book that he had derived from a recent piece Ch.108
- 6. “Not many months after the arrival of the travellers at Venice, Ch.109
- 7. “The captivity of Messer Marco greatly disturbed the minds Ch.110
- 8. “As regards the after duration of this noble and worthy family, Ch.111
- 9. The story of the travels of the Polo family opens in 1260. Ch.112
- 10. In Asia and Eastern Europe scarcely a dog might bark without Ch.113
- 11. For about three centuries the Northern provinces of China had been Ch.114
- 12. In India the most powerful sovereign was the Sultan of Delhi, Ch.115
- 13. In days when History and Genealogy were allowed to draw largely Ch.116
- 14. Till quite recently it had never been precisely ascertained whether Ch.117
- 15. Of the three sons of Andrea Polo of S. Felice, Marco seems to have Ch.118
- 16. Nicolo Polo, the second of the Brothers, had two legitimate sons, Ch.119
- 17. Kúblái had never before fallen in with European gentlemen. He was Ch.120
- 18. The Brothers arrived at Acre in April,[10] 1269, and found that Ch.121
- 19. The Papal interregnum was the longest known, at least since the Ch.122
- 20. Kúblái received the Venetians with great cordiality, and took Ch.123
- 21. Arghún Khan of Persia, Kúblái’s great-nephew, had in 1286 lost his Ch.124
- 22. The princess, whose enjoyment of her royalty was brief, wept as she Ch.125
- 1295. The date assigned to it, however, by Marco (ii. 477) is 1294, Ch.126
- 23. We have seen that Ramusio places the scene of the story recently Ch.127
- 24. The Court which was known in the 16th century as the Corte del Ch.128
- 25. And before entering on this new phase of the Traveller’s biography Ch.129
- 26. This system of grouping the oars, and putting only one man to an Ch.130
- 27. Returning then to the three-banked and two-banked galleys of the Ch.131
- 28. Midships in the mediæval galley a castle was erected, of the width Ch.132
- 29. We have already mentioned that Sanudo requires for his three-banked Ch.133
- 30. The musicians formed an important part of the equipment. Sanudo Ch.134
- 1503. The crew amounted to 200, of whom 150 were for working the Ch.135
- 31. Jealousies, too characteristic of the Italian communities, were, Ch.136
- 32. Truces were made and renewed, but the old fire still smouldered. In Ch.137
- 33. In 1298 the Genoese made elaborate preparations for a great blow at Ch.138
- 34. It was on the afternoon of Saturday the 6th September that the Ch.139
- 35. The battle began early on Sunday and lasted till the afternoon. The Ch.140
- 36. Howsoever they may have been treated, here was Marco Polo one of Ch.141
- episode in Polo’s biography. Ch.142
- 37. Something further requires to be said before quitting this event in Ch.143
- 1278. On this occasion is recorded a remarkable anticipation of Ch.144
- 38. We have now to say something of that Rusticiano to whom all who Ch.145
- 39. Who, then, was Rusticiano, or, as the name actually is read in the Ch.146
- 40. Rustician’s literary work appears from the extracts and remarks of Ch.147
- 41. A question may still occur to an attentive reader as to the Ch.148
- 42. In Dunlop’s History of Fiction a passage is quoted from the Ch.149
- 353. The alleged gift to Rustician is also put forth by D’Israeli Ch.150
- 43. A few very disconnected notices are all that can be collected of Ch.151
- 44. In 1302 occurs what was at first supposed to be a glimpse of Ch.152
- 45. A little later we hear of Marco once more, as presenting a copy of Ch.153
- 46. When Marco married we have not been able to ascertain, but it was Ch.154
- 47. We catch sight of our Traveller only once more. It is on the 9th of Ch.155
- 48. He was buried, no doubt, according to his declared wish, in the Ch.156
- 49. From the short series of documents recently alluded to,[28] we Ch.157
- 2. He had drafted his will with his own hand, sealed the draft, Ch.158
- 3. Appoints as Trustees Messer Maffeo Polo his uncle, Marco Polo Ch.159
- 4. Leaves 20 _soldi_ to each of the Monasteries from Grado to Capo Ch.160
- 5. To his daughter Fiordelisa 2000 _lire_ to marry her withal. To Ch.161
- 6. To his wife Catharine 400 _lire_ and all her clothes as they Ch.162
- 7. To his natural daughter Pasqua 400 _lire_ to marry her withal. Ch.163
- 8. To his natural brothers Stephen and Giovannino he leaves 500 Ch.164
- 100. To Fiordelisa, wife of Felix Polo, 100. To Maroca, the Ch.165
- 10. To buy Public Debt producing an annual 20 _lire ai grossi_ to Ch.166
- 11. Should his wife prove with child and bear a son or sons they Ch.167
- 12. If he have no male heir his Brother Marco shall have the Ch.168
- 13. Should Daughter Fiordelisa die unmarried her 2000 _lire_ and Ch.169
- 14. Should his wife bear him a male heir or heirs, but these should Ch.170
- 15. Should his wife bear a daughter and she die unmarried, her Ch.171
- 16. Should the whole amount of his property between cash and goods Ch.172
- 1342. And some years later we have in the Sicilian Archives an Ch.173
- 50. The Book itself consists essentially of Two Parts. _First_, of Ch.174
- 51. As regards the language in which Marco’s Book was first Ch.175
- 52. The French Text that we have been quoting, published by the Ch.176
- 53. Another circumstance, heretofore I believe unnoticed, is in itself Ch.177
- 54. But, after all, the circumstantial evidence that has been adduced Ch.178
- 55. In treating of the various Texts of Polo’s Book we must necessarily Ch.179
- 56. II. The next Type is that of the French MSS. on which M. Pauthier’s Ch.180
- 57. There is another curious circumstance about the MSS. of this Ch.181
- 58. III. The next Type of Text is that found in Friar Pipino’s Latin Ch.182
- 59. The absence of effective publication in the Middle Ages led to a Ch.183
- 60. IV. We now come to a Type of Text which deviates largely from Ch.184
- 61. Thus we find substituted for the _Bastra_ (or _Bascra_) of the Ch.185
- 62. Of circumstances certainly genuine, which are peculiar to this Ch.186
- 63. Though difficulties will certainly remain,[17] the most probable Ch.187
- 64. To sum up. It is, I think, beyond reasonable dispute that we Ch.188
- 65. Whilst upon this subject of manuscripts of our Author, I will give Ch.189
- 1. The mention of the death of Kúblái (see note 7, p. 38 of this Ch.190
- 2. Mr. Hugh Murray objects that whilst in the old texts Polo Ch.191
- 3. The same editor points to the manner in which one of the Ch.192
- 1. In the chapter on Georgia: Ch.193
- 3. After the chapter on Mosul is another short chapter, already Ch.194
- 4. In the chapter on _Tarcan_ (for Carcan, _i.e._ Yarkand): Ch.195
- 5. In the Desert of Lop: Ch.196
- 7. “Et in medio hujus viridarii est palacium sive logia, _tota Ch.197
- 66. That Marco Polo has been so universally recognised as the King of Ch.198
- 67. Surely Marco’s real, indisputable, and, in their kind, unique Ch.199
- 68. What manner of man was Ser Marco? It is a question hard to answer. Ch.200
- 69. Of scientific notions, such as we find in the unveracious Ch.201
- 70. The Book, however, is full of bearings and distances, and I have Ch.202
- 71. In the early part of the Book we are told that Marco acquired Ch.203
- 72. A question naturally suggests itself, how far Polo’s narrative, Ch.204
- 73. On the other hand, though Marco, who had left home at fifteen Ch.205
- 74. We have seen in the most probable interpretation of the nickname Ch.206
- Introduction, p. 55.) There is a curious parallel between the two Ch.207
- 75. But we must return for a little to Polo’s own times. Ramusio Ch.208
- 76. Of contemporary or nearly contemporary references to our Traveller Ch.209
- 77. Lastly, we learn from a curious passage in a medical work by PIETRO Ch.210
- 78. There is, however, a notable work which is ascribed to a rather Ch.211
- 79. Marco Polo contributed such a vast amount of new facts to the Ch.212
- 80. As regards the second cause alleged, we may say that down nearly to Ch.213
- 81. Even Ptolemy seems to have been almost unknown; and indeed had his Ch.214
- 82. Among the Arabs many able men, from the early days of Islám, Ch.215
- 83. Some distinct trace of acquaintance with the Arabian Geography is Ch.216
- 84. The first genuine mediæval attempt at a geographical construction Ch.217
- 85. In the following age we find more frequent indications that Polo’s Ch.218
- 86. The Maps of Mercator (1587) and Magini (1597) are similar in Ch.219
- 87. Before concluding, it may be desirable to say a few words on the Ch.220
- 88. Mr. Curzon’s own observations, which I have italicised about Ch.221
- 89. It remains to say a few words regarding the basis adopted for our Ch.222
- 90. It will be clear from what has been said in the preceding pages Ch.223
- 91. As regards the reading of proper names and foreign words, in which Ch.224
- PROLOGUE. Ch.225
- CHAPTER I. Ch.226
- CHAPTER II. Ch.227
- CHAPTER III. Ch.228
- CHAPTER IV. Ch.229
- CHAPTER V. Ch.230
- CHAPTER VI. Ch.231
- CHAPTER VII. Ch.232
- CHAPTER VIII. Ch.233
- CHAPTER IX. Ch.234
- CHAPTER X. Ch.235
- CHAPTER XI. Ch.236
- 1276. His character stood high to the last, and some of the Ch.237
- CHAPTER XII. Ch.238
- CHAPTER XIII. Ch.239
- CHAPTER XIV. Ch.240
- CHAPTER XV. Ch.241
- CHAPTER XVI. Ch.242
- CHAPTER XVII. Ch.243
- CHAPTER XVIII. Ch.244
- CHAPTER I. Ch.245
- 1198. The kingdom was at its zenith under Hetum or Hayton I., Ch.246
- CHAPTER II. Ch.247
- CHAPTER III. Ch.248
- CHAPTER IV. Ch.249
- 1870. He wore the Russian uniform, and bore the title of Prince Ch.250
- CHAPTER V. Ch.251
- CHAPTER VI. Ch.252
- CHAPTER VII. Ch.253
- CHAPTER VIII. Ch.254
- CHAPTER IX. Ch.255
- CHAPTER X. Ch.256
- CHAPTER XI. Ch.257
- CHAPTER XII. Ch.258
- CHAPTER XIII. Ch.259
- CHAPTER XIV. Ch.260
- CHAPTER XV. Ch.261
- CHAPTER XVI. Ch.262
- CHAPTER XVII. Ch.263
- CHAPTER XVIII. Ch.264
- CHAPTER XIX. Ch.265
- 1. From Kermán across a plain to the top of a Ch.266
- 3. A great plain, called _Reobarles_, in a much warmer Ch.267
- 5. A well-watered fruitful plain, which is crossed to Ch.268
- 1. From Kermán to the caravanserai of Deh Bakri in the Ch.269
- 2. Two miles _over very deep snow_ brought him to the Ch.270
- 3. “Clumps of date-palms growing near the village showed Ch.271
- 4. 6½ hours, “nearly the whole way over a most difficult Ch.272
- 5. Two long marches over a plain, part of which is Ch.273
- 1862. More recently Major St. John has shown the magnitude of this Ch.274
- CHAPTER XX. Ch.275
- CHAPTER XXI. Ch.276
- CHAPTER XXII. Ch.277
- CHAPTER XXIII. Ch.278
- CHAPTER XXIV. Ch.279
- 1113. Maudúd, Prince of Mosul, in the chief Mosque of Damascus. Ch.280
- CHAPTER XXV. Ch.281
- 1262. Neither is right, nor certainly could Polo have meant the Ch.282
- 1256. But an army had been sent long in advance under “one of Ch.283
- CHAPTER XXVI. Ch.284
- CHAPTER XXVII. Ch.285
- CHAPTER XXVIII. Ch.286
- CHAPTER XXIX. Ch.287
- CHAPTER XXX. Ch.288
- CHAPTER XXXI. Ch.289
- CHAPTER XXXII. Ch.290
- CHAPTER XXXIII. Ch.291
- CHAPTER XXXIV. Ch.292
- CHAPTER XXXV. Ch.293
- CHAPTER XXXVI. Ch.294
- CHAPTER XXXVII. Ch.295
- CHAPTER XXXVIII. Ch.296
- CHAPTER XXXIX. Ch.297
- CHAPTER XL. Ch.298
- CHAPTER XLI. Ch.299
- CHAPTER XLII. Ch.300
- 1. Klaproth states that the Mongols applied to Tibet the name of Ch.301
- 2. Professor Vámbéry thinks that it is probably _Chingin Tala_, Ch.302
- CHAPTER XLIII. Ch.303
- CHAPTER XLIV. Ch.304
- CHAPTER XLV. Ch.305
- CHAPTER XLVI. Ch.306
- CHAPTER XLVII. Ch.307
- CHAPTER XLVIII. Ch.308
- CHAPTER XLIX. Ch.309
- CHAPTER L. Ch.310
- CHAPTER LI. Ch.311
- 1464. [_Hwang ming ts’ung sin lu_.] In the time of the present Ch.312
- CHAPTER LII. Ch.313
- CHAPTER LIII. Ch.314
- CHAPTER LIV. Ch.315
- CHAPTER LV. Ch.316
- CHAPTER LVI. Ch.317
- 1860. From the last our cut is taken. Ch.318
- CHAPTER LVII. Ch.319
- CHAPTER LVIII. Ch.320
- CHAPTER LIX. Ch.321
- CHAPTER LX. Ch.322
- 1. Radde mentions as a rare crane in South Siberia _Grus monachus_, Ch.323
- 2. _Grus leucogeranus_ (?) whose chief habitat is Siberia, but Ch.324
- 4. The colour of the pendants varies in the texts. Pauthier’s and Ch.325
- 5. Certainly the Indian _Sáras_ (vulgo Cyrus), or _Grus antigone_, Ch.326
- CHAPTER LXI. Ch.327
- CHAPTER I. Ch.328
- CHAPTER II. Ch.329
- 1287. What followed will be found in a subsequent note (ch. iv. Ch.330
- CHAPTER III. Ch.331
- CHAPTER IV. Ch.332
- CHAPTER V. Ch.333
- CHAPTER VI. Ch.334
- CHAPTER VII. Ch.335
- CHAPTER VIII. Ch.336
- CHAPTER IX. Ch.337
- CHAPTER X. Ch.338
- CHAPTER XI. Ch.339
- CHAPTER XII. Ch.340
- CHAPTER XIII. Ch.341
- CHAPTER XIV. Ch.342
- CHAPTER XV. Ch.343
- CHAPTER XVI. Ch.344
- CHAPTER XVII. Ch.345
- CHAPTER XVIII. Ch.346
- CHAPTER XIX. Ch.347
- CHAPTER XX. Ch.348
- CHAPTER XXI. Ch.349
- CHAPTER XXII. Ch.350
- CHAPTER XXIII. Ch.351
- CHAPTER XXIV. Ch.352
- CHAPTER XXV. Ch.353
- CHAPTER XXVI. Ch.354
- 200. And if there chance to be some river or lake to be passed by the Ch.355
- CHAPTER XXVII. Ch.356
- CHAPTER XXVIII. Ch.357
- CHAPTER XXIX. Ch.358
- CHAPTER XXX. Ch.359
- CHAPTER XXXI. Ch.360
- CHAPTER XXXII. Ch.361
- CHAPTER XXXIII. Ch.362
- CHAPTER XXXIV. Ch.363
- Prologue, note 1. Ch.364
- introduction of plants from Asia into China, 16n; Ch.365
- introduction of block-printing into Europe and Polo, _138–141_; Ch.366